Daniel 3:8 דָּנִיֵּאל

Who acts: certain Chaldeans · What happens: come, bring · To what, where: accusation

This is Daniel 3:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — certain Chaldeans — and what happens in the verse to accusation, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כָּל־קֳבֵ֤ל דְּנָה֙ בֵּהּ־זִמְנָ֔א קְרִ֖בוּ גֻּבְרִ֣ין כַּשְׂדָּאִ֑ין וַאֲכַ֥לוּ קַרְצֵיה֖וֹן דִּ֥י יְהוּדָיֵֽא׃

Wherefore at that time certain Chaldeans came near, and brought accusation against the Jews.

The tree

This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כָּ	כְּ	ADP	_	3 קֳבֵ֤ל	case	as
2	ל־	לְ	ADP	_	3 קֳבֵ֤ל	case	to
3	קֳבֵ֤ל	קֳבֵל	NOUN	_	root	root	because
4	דְּנָה֙	דְּנָה	DET	PronType=Dem	3 קֳבֵ֤ל	det	this
5	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 ֵהּ־	case	at
6	ֵהּ־	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 קְרִ֖בוּ	obl	it
7	זִמְנ	זְמַן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 ֵהּ־	appos	the
8	ָ֔א	א	DET	PronType=Art	7 זִמְנ	det	time
9	קְרִ֖בוּ	קְרֵב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 קֳבֵ֤ל	parataxis	they approached
10	גֻּבְרִ֣ין	גְּבַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 קְרִ֖בוּ	nsubj	men
11	כַּשְׂדָּאִ֑ין	כַּשְׂדַּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 גֻּבְרִ֣ין	appos	Chaldean
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 אֲכַ֥לוּ	cc	and
13	אֲכַ֥לוּ	אֲכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 קֳבֵ֤ל	conj	they ate
14	קַרְצֵי	קְרַץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 אֲכַ֥לוּ	obj	pieces
15	ה֖וֹן	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 קַרְצֵי	nmod:poss	their
16	דִּ֥י	דִּי	SCONJ	_	17 יְהוּדָי	mark	(diy) of
17	יְהוּדָי	יְהוּדַי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 קַרְצֵי	acl:relcl	the
18	ֵֽא	א	DET	PronType=Art	17 יְהוּדָי	det	Jews
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 ֵֽא	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
קְרִבוּ they approached	qatal · peal	גֻּבְרִין men
אֲכַלוּ they ate	qatal · peal	גֻּבְרִין men	קַרְצֵי pieces

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Wherefore at that time certain Chaldeans came near, and brought accusation against the Jews.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc-arc:DAN:53.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.8/