Daniel 4:12 דָּנִיֵּאל

Who acts: you, stump, portion · What happens: leave, let, be · To what, where: stump, earth, grass

This is Daniel 4:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, stump, portion — and what happens in the verse to stump, earth, grass, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

בְּרַ֨ם עִקַּ֤ר שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹהִי֙ בְּאַרְעָ֣א שְׁבֻ֔קוּ וּבֶֽאֱסוּר֙ דִּֽי־פַרְזֶ֣ל וּנְחָ֔שׁ בְּדִתְאָ֖א דִּ֣י בָרָ֑א וּבְטַ֤ל שְׁמַיָּא֙ יִצְטַבַּ֔ע וְעִם־חֵיוְתָ֥א חֲלָקֵ֖הּ בַּעֲשַׂ֥ב אַרְעָֽא׃

Nevertheless leave the stump of its roots in the earth, even in a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts in the grass of the earth;

The tree

This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	בְּרַ֨ם	בְּרַם	CCONJ	_	8 שְׁבֻ֔קוּ	cc	nevertheless
2	עִקַּ֤ר	עִקַּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 שְׁבֻ֔קוּ	obj	the stump
3	שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹ	שֹׁרֶשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 עִקַּ֤ר	compound:smixut	of
4	הִי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹ	nmod:poss	its roots
5	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 אַרְע	case	in
6	אַרְע	אֲרַע	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 שְׁבֻ֔קוּ	obl	the
7	ָ֣א	א	DET	PronType=Art	6 אַרְע	det	ground
8	שְׁבֻ֔קוּ	שְׁבַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	leave!
9	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 אֱסוּר֙	cc	and
10	בֶֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 אֱסוּר֙	case	with
11	אֱסוּר֙	אֱסוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 שְׁבֻ֔קוּ	conj	a fetter
12	דִּֽי־	דִּי	SCONJ	_	13 פַרְזֶ֣ל	mark	(diy) of
13	פַרְזֶ֣ל	פַּרְזֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 אֱסוּר֙	acl:relcl	iron
14	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 נְחָ֔שׁ	cc	and
15	נְחָ֔שׁ	נְחָשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 פַרְזֶ֣ל	conj	bronze
16	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 דִתְא	case	in
17	דִתְא	דֶּתֶא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 אֱסוּר֙	obl	the
18	ָ֖א	א	DET	PronType=Art	17 דִתְא	det	grass
19	דִּ֣י	דִּי	SCONJ	_	20 בָר	mark	(diy) of
20	בָר	בַּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 דִתְא	acl:relcl	the
21	ָ֑א	א	DET	PronType=Art	20 בָר	det	field
22	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 יִצְטַבַּ֔ע	cc	and
23	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	24 טַ֤ל	case	with
24	טַ֤ל	טַל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 יִצְטַבַּ֔ע	obl	the dew
25	שְׁמַיּ	שָׁמַיִן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 טַ֤ל	compound:smixut	of
26	ָא֙	א	DET	PronType=Art	25 שְׁמַיּ	det	the heavens
27	יִצְטַבַּ֔ע	צְבַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 שְׁבֻ֔קוּ	conj	let it become wet
28	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 חֵיוְת	cc	and [be]
29	עִם־	עִם	ADP	_	30 חֵיוְת	case	with
30	חֵיוְת	חֵיוָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	27 יִצְטַבַּ֔ע	conj	the
31	ָ֥א	א	DET	PronType=Art	30 חֵיוְת	det	animal[s]
32	חֲלָק	חֲלָק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	30 חֵיוְת	nsubj	portion
33	ֵ֖הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 חֲלָק	nmod:poss	its
34	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	35 עֲשַׂ֥ב	case	in
35	עֲשַׂ֥ב	עֲשַׂב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	30 חֵיוְת	obl	the grass
36	אַרְע	אֲרַע	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	35 עֲשַׂ֥ב	compound:smixut	of
37	ָֽא	א	DET	PronType=Art	36 אַרְע	det	the earth
38	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	37 ָֽא	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
שְׁבֻקוּ leave!	imperative · peal		עִקַּר the stump
יִצְטַבַּע let it become wet	yiqtol · hithpaal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Nevertheless leave the stump of its roots in the earth, even in a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts in the grass of the earth;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc-arc:DAN:90.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.12/