Daniel 4:11 דָּנִיֵּאל

Who acts: flesh · What happens: cry, say, hew down, cut off, shake off, scatter · To what, where: tree, branches, leaves, fruit, beasts, fowls · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Daniel 4:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — flesh — and what happens in the verse to tree, branches, leaves, fruit, beasts, fowls, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

קָרֵ֨א בְחַ֜יִל וְכֵ֣ן אָמַ֗ר גֹּ֤דּוּ אִֽילָנָא֙ וְקַצִּ֣צוּ עַנְפ֔וֹהִי אַתַּ֥רוּ עָפְיֵ֖הּ וּבַדַּ֣רוּ אִנְבֵּ֑הּ תְּנֻ֤ד חֵֽיוְתָא֙ מִן־תַּחְתּ֔וֹהִי וְצִפְּרַיָּ֖א מִן־עַנְפֽוֹהִי׃

He cried aloud, and said thus: Hew down the tree, and cut off its branches, shake off its leaves, and scatter its fruit; let the beasts get away from under it, and the fowls from its branches.

The tree

This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	קָרֵ֨א	קְרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing	root	root	[he was] proclaiming
2	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	3 חַ֜יִל	case	with
3	חַ֜יִל	חַיִל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 קָרֵ֨א	obl	power
4	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 אָמַ֗ר	cc	and
5	כֵ֣ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	6 אָמַ֗ר	advmod	as follows
6	אָמַ֗ר	אֲמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing	1 קָרֵ֨א	conj	[he was] saying
7	גֹּ֤דּוּ	גְּדַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=2	6 אָמַ֗ר	ccomp	cut down!
8	אִֽילָנ	אִילָן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 גֹּ֤דּוּ	obj	the
9	ָא֙	א	DET	PronType=Art	8 אִֽילָנ	det	tree
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 קַצִּ֣צוּ	cc	and
11	קַצִּ֣צוּ	קְצַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PAEL Number=Plur Person=2	7 גֹּ֤דּוּ	conj	cut off!
12	עַנְפ֔וֹ	עֲנַף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 קַצִּ֣צוּ	obj	branches
13	הִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 עַנְפ֔וֹ	nmod:poss	its
14	אַתַּ֥רוּ	נְתַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=APHEL Number=Plur Person=2	7 גֹּ֤דּוּ	parataxis	strip off!
15	עָפְי	עֳפִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 אַתַּ֥רוּ	obj	foliage
16	ֵ֖הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 עָפְי	nmod:poss	its
17	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 בַדַּ֣רוּ	cc	and
18	בַדַּ֣רוּ	בְּדַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PAEL Number=Plur Person=2	7 גֹּ֤דּוּ	conj	scatter!
19	אִנְבּ	אֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 בַדַּ֣רוּ	obj	fruit
20	ֵ֑הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 אִנְבּ	nmod:poss	its
21	תְּנֻ֤ד	נוּד	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 גֹּ֤דּוּ	parataxis	let it flee
22	חֵֽיוְת	חֵיוָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	21 תְּנֻ֤ד	nsubj	the
23	ָא֙	א	DET	PronType=Art	22 חֵֽיוְת	det	animal[s]
24	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	26 הִי	case	from
25	תַּחְתּ֔וֹ	תְּחֹות	ADP	_	26 הִי	case	under
26	הִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 תְּנֻ֤ד	obl	it
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 צִפְּרַיּ	cc	and
28	צִפְּרַיּ	צְפַר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	21 תְּנֻ֤ד	conj	the
29	ָ֖א	א	DET	PronType=Art	28 צִפְּרַיּ	det	birds
30	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	31 עַנְפֽוֹ	case	from
31	עַנְפֽוֹ	עֲנַף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 צִפְּרַיּ	obl	branches
32	הִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 עַנְפֽוֹ	nmod:poss	its
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 הִי	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
קָרֵא [he was] proclaiming	participle active · peal
אָמַר [he was] saying	participle active · peal
גֹּדּוּ cut down!	imperative · peal		אִֽילָנ the
קַצִּצוּ cut off!	imperative · pael		עַנְפוֹ branches
אַתַּרוּ strip off!	imperative · aphel		עָפְי foliage
בַדַּרוּ scatter!	imperative · pael		אִנְבּ fruit
תְּנֻד let it flee	yiqtol · peal	חֵֽיוְת the

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

He cried aloud, and said thus: Hew down the tree, and cut off its branches, shake off its leaves, and scatter its fruit; let the beasts get away from under it, and the fowls from its branches.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc-arc:DAN:89.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.11/