Ecclesiastes 1:7 קֹהֶלֶת

Who acts: rivers, sea · What happens: run, not be, go · To what, where: sea

This is Ecclesiastes 1:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — rivers, sea — and what happens in the verse to sea, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כָּל־הַנְּחָלִים֙ הֹלְכִ֣ים אֶל־הַיָּ֔ם וְהַיָּ֖ם אֵינֶ֣נּוּ מָלֵ֑א אֶל־מְק֗וֹם שֶׁ֤הַנְּחָלִים֙ הֹֽלְכִ֔ים שָׁ֛ם הֵ֥ם שָׁבִ֖ים לָלָֽכֶת׃

All the rivers run into the sea, yet the sea is not full; unto the place whither the rivers go, thither they go again.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 הֹלְכִ֣ים	nsubj	all
2	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 נְּחָלִים֙	det	the
3	נְּחָלִים֙	נַחַל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	1 כָּל־	compound:smixut	rivers
4	הֹלְכִ֣ים	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	root	root	[are] going
5	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	7 יָּ֔ם	case	to
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 יָּ֔ם	det	the
7	יָּ֔ם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 הֹלְכִ֣ים	obl	sea
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 מָלֵ֑א	cc	and
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 יָּ֖ם	det	the
10	יָּ֖ם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 מָלֵ֑א	dislocated	sea
11	אֵינ	אַיִן	ADV	_	13 מָלֵ֑א	advmod	not
12	ֶ֣נּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 מָלֵ֑א	nsubj	it
13	מָלֵ֑א	מָלֵא	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 הֹלְכִ֣ים	conj	[is] full
14	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	15 מְק֗וֹם	case	to
15	מְק֗וֹם	מָקוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 שָׁבִ֖ים	obl	the place
16	שֶׁ֤	שֶׁ	SCONJ	_	19 הֹֽלְכִ֔ים	mark	(of) where
17	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 נְּחָלִים֙	det	the
18	נְּחָלִים֙	נַחַל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	19 הֹֽלְכִ֔ים	nsubj	rivers
19	הֹֽלְכִ֔ים	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	15 מְק֗וֹם	acl:relcl	[are] going
20	שָׁ֛ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	22 שָׁבִ֖ים	advmod	there
21	הֵ֥ם	הֵם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 שָׁבִ֖ים	nsubj	they
22	שָׁבִ֖ים	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	4 הֹלְכִ֣ים	parataxis	[are] returning
23	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	24 לָֽכֶת	case	to
24	לָֽכֶת	הלך	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	22 שָׁבִ֖ים	advcl	go
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 לָֽכֶת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
הֹלְכִים [are] going	participle active · qal	נְּחָלִים rivers
הֹֽלְכִים [are] going	participle active · qal	נְּחָלִים rivers
שָׁבִים [are] returning	participle active · qal	הֵם they
לָֽכֶת go	infinitive construct · qal	נְּחָלִים rivers

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

כָּל נַחֲלַיָּא וּמַבּוּעֵי מַיָּא אָזְלִין וְנַגְדִין לְמֵי אוֹקְיָינוּס דִּמְסַחֵר לְעַלְמָא כְּגּוּשְׁפַּנְקָא וְאוֹקְיָינוּס לֵיתוֹהִי מִתְמַלִי וְלַאֲתַר דְּנַחֲלַיָּא אָזְלִין וְנַגְדִין תַּמָּן אִינוּן תַּיְיבִין לְמֵיזַל מִצִּנּוֹרֵי תְהוֹמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

All the rivers run into the sea, yet the sea is not full; unto the place whither the rivers go, thither they go again.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ECC:6.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.1.7/