Ecclesiastes 12:7 קֹהֶלֶת

Who acts: dust, spirit, God · What happens: return, give · To what, where: spirit

This is Ecclesiastes 12:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — dust, spirit, God — and what happens in the verse to spirit, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְיָשֹׁ֧ב הֶעָפָ֛ר עַל־הָאָ֖רֶץ כְּשֶׁהָיָ֑ה וְהָר֣וּחַ תָּשׁ֔וּב אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר נְתָנָֽהּ׃

And the dust returneth to the earth as it was, and the spirit returneth unto God who gave it.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָשֹׁ֧ב	cc	and
2	יָשֹׁ֧ב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it will return
3	הֶ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 עָפָ֛ר	det	the
4	עָפָ֛ר	עָפָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יָשֹׁ֧ב	nsubj	dust
5	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	7 אָ֖רֶץ	case	to
6	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 אָ֖רֶץ	det	the
7	אָ֖רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 יָשֹׁ֧ב	obl	earth
8	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	2 יָשֹׁ֧ב	obl	just
9	שֶׁ	שֶׁ	SCONJ	_	10 הָיָ֑ה	mark	as
10	הָיָ֑ה	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 כְּ	parataxis	it was
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 תָּשׁ֔וּב	cc	and
12	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 ר֣וּחַ	det	the
13	ר֣וּחַ	רוּחַ	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 תָּשׁ֔וּב	nsubj	spirit
14	תָּשׁ֔וּב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָשֹׁ֧ב	conj	it will return
15	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	17 אֱלֹהִ֖ים	case	to
16	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 אֱלֹהִ֖ים	det	(the)
17	אֱלֹהִ֖ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 תָּשׁ֔וּב	obl	God
18	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	19 נְתָנ	mark	who
19	נְתָנ	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	17 אֱלֹהִ֖ים	acl:relcl	he
20	ָֽהּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 נְתָנ	obj	gave it
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 ָֽהּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָשֹׁב it will return	yiqtol · qal	עָפָר dust
הָיָה it was	qatal · qal	עָפָר dust
תָּשׁוּב it will return	yiqtol · qal	רוּחַ spirit
נְתָנ he	qatal · qal	אֱלֹהִים God	ָֽהּ gave it

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וִיתוּב בִּסְרָךְ דְּאִתְבְּרִי מִן עַפְרָא עֲלַוֵי אַרְעָא הֵיכְמָא דַּהֲוָה מִלְּקַדְמִין וְרוּחַ נִשְׁמְתָךְ תְּתוּב לְמֵיקָם בְּדִינָא קֳדָם יְיָ דְּיַהֲבָהּ לָךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the dust returneth to the earth as it was, and the spirit returneth unto God who gave it.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ECC:214.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.12.7/