Ecclesiastes 2:21 קֹהֶלֶת

Who acts: man, labour, wisdom, This · What happens: be, not labour, leave · To what, where: labour, man, vanity

This is Ecclesiastes 2:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, labour, wisdom, This — and what happens in the verse to labour, man, vanity, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּי־יֵ֣שׁ אָדָ֗ם שֶׁעֲמָל֛וֹ בְּחָכְמָ֥ה וּבְדַ֖עַת וּבְכִשְׁר֑וֹן וּלְאָדָ֞ם שֶׁלֹּ֤א עָֽמַל־בּוֹ֙ יִתְּנֶ֣נּוּ חֶלְק֔וֹ גַּם־זֶ֥ה הֶ֖בֶל וְרָעָ֥ה רַבָּֽה׃

For there is a man whose labour is with wisdom, and with knowledge, and with skill; yet to a man that hath not laboured therein shall he leave it for his portion. This also is vanity and a great evil.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	2 יֵ֣שׁ	mark	(dm)
2	יֵ֣שׁ	יֵשׁ	ADV	_	root	root	there [is]
3	אָדָ֗ם	אָדָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֵ֣שׁ	nsubj	a person
4	שֶׁ	שֶׁ	SCONJ	_	8 חָכְמָ֥ה	mark	who
5	עֲמָל	עָמָל	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 חָכְמָ֥ה	nsubj	toil
6	֛וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 עֲמָל	nmod:poss	his
7	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	8 חָכְמָ֥ה	case	[was] with
8	חָכְמָ֥ה	חׇכְמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	3 אָדָ֗ם	acl:relcl	wisdom
9	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 דַ֖עַת	cc	and
10	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 דַ֖עַת	case	with
11	דַ֖עַת	דַּעַת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 חָכְמָ֥ה	conj	knowledge
12	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 כִשְׁר֑וֹן	cc	and
13	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 כִשְׁר֑וֹן	case	with
14	כִשְׁר֑וֹן	כִּשְׁרוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 חָכְמָ֥ה	conj	skill
15	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 יִתְּנ	cc	and
16	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	17 אָדָ֞ם	case	to
17	אָדָ֞ם	אָדָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 יִתְּנ	obl	a person
18	שֶׁ	שֶׁ	SCONJ	_	20 עָֽמַל־	mark	who
19	לֹּ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	20 עָֽמַל־	advmod	not
20	עָֽמַל־	עָמַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	17 אָדָ֞ם	acl:relcl	he toiled
21	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	22 וֹ֙	case	in
22	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 עָֽמַל־	obl	it
23	יִתְּנ	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵ֣שׁ	conj	he
24	ֶ֣נּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 יִתְּנ	obj	will give it
25	חֶלְק	חֵלֶק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 יִתְּנ	xcomp	portion
26	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 חֶלְק	nmod:poss	his
27	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	28 זֶ֥ה	advmod	also
28	זֶ֥ה	זֶה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	29 הֶ֖בֶל	nsubj	this
29	הֶ֖בֶל	הֶבֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֵ֣שׁ	parataxis	[is] futility
30	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 רָעָ֥ה	cc	and
31	רָעָ֥ה	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	29 הֶ֖בֶל	conj	an evil
32	רַבָּֽה	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	31 רָעָ֥ה	amod	great
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 רַבָּֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
not עָֽמַל־ he toiled	qatal · qal	אָדָם a person
יִתְּנ he	yiqtol · qal	אָדָם a person	ֶנּוּ will give it

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

אֲרוּם אִית גְּבַר דִי טוּרְחֵיה בְּחוּכְמְתָא וּבְסוּכְלְתָנוּ וּבְצִדְקוּ וִימוּת בְּלָא וְלַד וְלִגְבַר דְּלָא טְרַח בֵּיהּ יִתְּנִנֵּיהּ לְמֶהֱוֵי חוּלָקֵיהּ אַף דֵּין הֲבָלוּ וּבִשְׁתָּא רַבְּתָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ECC:38.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.2.21/