Ecclesiastes 7:10 קֹהֶלֶת

Who acts: thou, anger · What happens: not say, be, not be, inquire · To what, where: wisdom · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Ecclesiastes 7:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, anger — and what happens in the verse to wisdom, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אַל־תֹּאמַר֙ מֶ֣ה הָיָ֔ה שֶׁ֤הַיָּמִים֙ הָרִ֣אשֹׁנִ֔ים הָי֥וּ טוֹבִ֖ים מֵאֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֛י לֹ֥א מֵחָכְמָ֖ה שָׁאַ֥לְתָּ עַל־זֶֽה׃

Say not thou: 'How was it that the former days were better than these?' for it is not out of wisdom that thou inquirest concerning this.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אַל־	אַל	ADV	_	2 תֹּאמַר֙	advmod	do not
2	תֹּאמַר֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	say
3	מֶ֣ה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	2 תֹּאמַר֙	ccomp	why?
4	הָיָ֔ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 מֶ֣ה	cop	was it
5	שֶׁ֤	שֶׁ	SCONJ	_	11 טוֹבִ֖ים	mark	(cmp)
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 יָּמִים֙	det	the
7	יָּמִים֙	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 טוֹבִ֖ים	nsubj	days
8	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 רִ֣אשֹׁנִ֔ים	det	(the)
9	רִ֣אשֹׁנִ֔ים	רִאשׁוֹן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 יָּמִים֙	amod	former
10	הָי֥וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	11 טוֹבִ֖ים	cop	they were
11	טוֹבִ֖ים	טוֹב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 מֶ֣ה	acl:relcl	good
12	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	13 אֵ֑לֶּה	case	more
13	אֵ֑לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	11 טוֹבִ֖ים	nmod	than these
14	כִּ֛י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	18 שָׁאַ֥לְתָּ	mark	(dm)
15	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	17 חָכְמָ֖ה	advmod	not
16	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	17 חָכְמָ֖ה	case	from
17	חָכְמָ֖ה	חׇכְמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	18 שָׁאַ֥לְתָּ	obl	wisdom
18	שָׁאַ֥לְתָּ	שָׁאַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	3 מֶ֣ה	advcl	you have asked
19	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	20 זֶֽה	case	on
20	זֶֽה	זֶה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	18 שָׁאַ֥לְתָּ	obl	this
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 זֶֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · neg

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
not תֹּאמַר say	jussive · qal
הָיָה was it	qatal · qal	הָיוּ they were
הָיוּ they were	qatal · qal	יָּמִים days
שָׁאַלְתָּ you have asked	qatal · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וּבְעִדָּן עָקְתָךְ לָא תֵימַר מָה דַּהֲוָת קַדְמַת דְּנָא טָב בְּעָלְמָא דְּיוֹמִין קַדְמָאִין הֲווֹ טַבְיָין וֶאֱנָשֵׁי דָּרָא הַהוּא הֲווֹ שַׁפִּירֵי עוֹבָדָא יַתִּיר מִן אִלֵּין בְּגִין כֵּן טָבָא הֲוָה מַטֵי לְהוֹן וְאַנְתְּ לָא עַל חוּכְמְתָא שְׁאַלְתָּ עַל דְּנָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Say not thou: 'How was it that the former days were better than these?' for it is not out of wisdom that thou inquirest concerning this.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ECC:123.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.7.10/