Esther 2:23 אֶסְתֵּר

Who acts: inquisition · What happens: make, find, be, hang, write · To what, where: inquisition, things, tree, book

This is Esther 2:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — inquisition — and what happens in the verse to inquisition, things, tree, book, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְבֻקַּ֤שׁ הַדָּבָר֙ וַיִּמָּצֵ֔א וַיִּתָּל֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם עַל־עֵ֑ץ וַיִּכָּתֵ֗ב בְּסֵ֛פֶר דִּבְרֵ֥י הַיָּמִ֖ים לִפְנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃פ

And when inquisition was made of the matter, and it was found to be so, they were both hanged on a tree; and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְבֻקַּ֤שׁ	cc	and
2	יְבֻקַּ֤שׁ	בָּקַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was sought
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 דָּבָר֙	det	the
4	דָּבָר֙	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יְבֻקַּ֤שׁ	nsubj	matter
5	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יִּמָּצֵ֔א	cc	and
6	יִּמָּצֵ֔א	מָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְבֻקַּ֤שׁ	conj	it was found
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יִּתָּל֥וּ	cc	and
8	יִּתָּל֥וּ	תָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְבֻקַּ֤שׁ	conj	they were hanged
9	שְׁנֵי	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	10 הֶ֖ם	nummod	the two
10	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 יִּתָּל֥וּ	nsubj	of them
11	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	12 עֵ֑ץ	case	on
12	עֵ֑ץ	עֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יִּתָּל֥וּ	obl	a gallows
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יִּכָּתֵ֗ב	cc	and
14	יִּכָּתֵ֗ב	כָּתַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְבֻקַּ֤שׁ	conj	it was written
15	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 סֵ֛פֶר	case	in
16	סֵ֛פֶר	סֵפֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יִּכָּתֵ֗ב	obl	the book
17	דִּבְרֵ֥י	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 סֵ֛פֶר	compound:smixut	of the matters
18	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 יָּמִ֖ים	det	of
19	יָּמִ֖ים	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 דִּבְרֵ֥י	compound:smixut	the days
20	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	21 פְנֵ֥י	case	before
21	פְנֵ֥י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 יִּכָּתֵ֗ב	obl
22	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 מֶּֽלֶךְ	det	the
23	מֶּֽלֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 פְנֵ֥י	compound:smixut	king
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 מֶּֽלֶךְ	punct
25	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	23 מֶּֽלֶךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
יְבֻקַּשׁ it was sought	wayyiqtol · pual	דָּבָר matter
יִּמָּצֵא it was found	wayyiqtol · niphal	דָּבָר matter
יִּתָּלוּ they were hanged	wayyiqtol · niphal	הֶם of them
יִּכָּתֵב it was written	wayyiqtol · niphal	דָּבָר matter

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וְאִתְבַּע פִּתְגָמָא וְאִשְׁתַּכַּח קְשׁוֹט וְאִצְטְלִיבוּ תַרְוֵיהוֹן עַל קֵיסָא וְאִתְכְּתִיב בְּסִפְרָא דָכְרָנַיָא דְמִתְקְרִי תְדִירָא קֳדָם מַלְכָּא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when inquisition was made of the matter, and it was found to be so, they were both hanged on a tree; and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EST:44.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.2.23/