Esther 3:1 אֶסְתֵּר

Who acts: king Ahasuerus, princes · What happens: promote, advance, set, be · To what, where: Haman, seat

This is Esther 3:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king Ahasuerus, princes — and what happens in the verse to Haman, seat, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אַחַ֣ר ׀ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה גִּדַּל֩ הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֜וֹשׁ אֶת־הָמָ֧ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֛תָא הָאֲגָגִ֖י וַֽיְנַשְּׂאֵ֑הוּ וַיָּ֙שֶׂם֙ אֶת־כִּסְא֔וֹ מֵעַ֕ל כָּל־הַשָּׂרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתּֽוֹ׃

After these things did king Ahasuerus promote Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אַחַ֣ר	אַחַר	ADP	_	4 דְּבָרִ֣ים	case	after
2	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	1 אַחַ֣ר	punct
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 דְּבָרִ֣ים	det	the
4	דְּבָרִ֣ים	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 גִּדַּל֩	obl	things
5	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 אֵ֗לֶּה	det	(the)
6	אֵ֗לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	4 דְּבָרִ֣ים	det	these
7	גִּדַּל֩	גָּדַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he made great
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 מֶּ֨לֶךְ	det	the
9	מֶּ֨לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 גִּדַּל֩	nsubj	king
10	אֲחַשְׁוֵר֜וֹשׁ	אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ	PROPN	_	9 מֶּ֨לֶךְ	appos	Ahasuerus
11	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	12 הָמָ֧ן	case	(et)
12	הָמָ֧ן	הָמָן	PROPN	_	7 גִּדַּל֩	obj	Haman
13	בֶּֽן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 הָמָ֧ן	appos	the son
14	הַמְּדָ֛תָא	הַמְּדָתָא	PROPN	_	13 בֶּֽן־	compound:smixut	of Hammedatha
15	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 אֲגָגִ֖י	det	the
16	אֲגָגִ֖י	אֲגָגִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 הָמָ֧ן	appos	Agagite
17	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יְנַשְּׂא	cc	and
18	יְנַשְּׂא	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	7 גִּדַּל֩	conj	he
19	ֵ֑הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 יְנַשְּׂא	obj	exalted him
20	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יָּ֙שֶׂם֙	cc	and
21	יָּ֙שֶׂם֙	שׂים	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 גִּדַּל֩	conj	he placed
22	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	23 כִּסְא	case	(et)
23	כִּסְא	כִּסֵּא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יָּ֙שֶׂם֙	obj	seat
24	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 כִּסְא	nmod:poss	his
25	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	27 כָּל־	case	(from)
26	עַ֕ל	עַל	ADP	_	27 כָּל־	case	above
27	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יָּ֙שֶׂם֙	obl	all
28	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 שָּׂרִ֖ים	det	the
29	שָּׂרִ֖ים	שַׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	27 כָּל־	compound:smixut	officials
30	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	32 ֽוֹ	mark	who
31	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	32 ֽוֹ	case	[were] with
32	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 כָּל־	acl:relcl	him
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
גִּדַּל he made great	qatal · piel	מֶּלֶךְ king	הָמָן Haman
יְנַשְּׂא he	wayyiqtol · piel	מֶּלֶךְ king	ֵהוּ exalted him
יָּשֶׂם he placed	wayyiqtol · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king	כִּסְא seat

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

בָּתַר פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִלֵין עֲלַת מִדַת דִינָא קֳדָם רִבּוֹן כָּל עַלְמָא וְכֵן אֲמָרַת הֲלָא הָמָן רַשִׁיעָא נְחַת מִן שׁוּשַׁן לִירוּשְׁלֵם לְבַטָלָא בִּנְיַן בֵּית מוּקְדְשָׁךְ וְהָא כְעַן רַבֵּי מַלְכָּא אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ יַת הָמָן בַּר הַמְדָתָא דִי מִזַרְעִית אֲגַג בַּר עֲמָלֵק רַשִׁיעָא וּמַנְיָהּ רַב עַל כּוֹלָא וְתַקְנִין יַת כּוּרְסֵיהּ מֵעִלוֹי כָּל רַבְרְבָנַיָא דִי עִמֵיהּ עָנֵי מָרֵי עַלְמָא עַד כְּדוֹ לָא אִשְׁתְּמוֹדַע בְּעַלְמָא פְּסִיקוּ מִנִי עַד דִי יִתְרַבְרַב וְיִשְׁתְּמוֹדַע לְכָל עַמְמַיָא וּמִן בָּתַר כֵּן אִתְפְּרַע מִנֵיהּ עַל כָּל עַקְתִין דִי יַעֲבֵיד אִיהוּ וְאַבְהָתוֹי לְעַמָא בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

After these things did king Ahasuerus promote Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EST:45.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.3.1/