Ezra 4:12 עֶזְרָא

Who acts: Jews · What happens: know, come up, come, build, finish, dig out · To what, where: River, thee, us, rebellious bad city, walls, foundations · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Ezra 4:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jews — and what happens in the verse to River, thee, us, rebellious bad city, walls, foundations, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

יְדִ֙יעַ֙ לֶהֱוֵ֣א לְמַלְכָּ֔א דִּ֣י יְהוּדָיֵ֗א דִּ֤י סְלִ֙קוּ֙ מִן־לְוָתָ֔ךְ עֲלֶ֥ינָא אֲת֖וֹ לִירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם קִרְיְתָ֨א מָֽרָדְתָּ֤א וּבִֽישְׁתָּא֙בָּנַ֔יִן וְשׁוּרַיָּ֣א שַׁכְלִ֔ילוּ וְאֻשַּׁיָּ֖א יַחִֽיטוּ׃

be it known unto the king, that the Jews that came up from thee are come to us unto Jerusalem; they are building the rebellious and the bad city, and have finished the walls, and are digging out the foundations.

The tree

This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	יְדִ֙יעַ֙	יְדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEIL Number=Sing	root	root	known
2	לֶהֱוֵ֣א	הוה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 יְדִ֙יעַ֙	dep	let it be
3	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	4 מַלְכּ	case	to
4	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 יְדִ֙יעַ֙	obl	the
5	ָ֔א	א	DET	PronType=Art	4 מַלְכּ	det	king
6	דִּ֣י	דִּי	SCONJ	_	16 אֲת֖וֹ	mark	(diy) that
7	יְהוּדָי	יְהוּדַי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 אֲת֖וֹ	nsubj	the
8	ֵ֗א	א	DET	PronType=Art	7 יְהוּדָי	det	Jews
9	דִּ֤י	דִּי	SCONJ	_	10 סְלִ֙קוּ֙	mark	who
10	סְלִ֙קוּ֙	סְלֵק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=3	7 יְהוּדָי	acl:relcl	they came up
11	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	13 ָ֔ךְ	case	from
12	לְוָת	לְוָת	ADP	_	13 ָ֔ךְ	case	beside
13	ָ֔ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 סְלִ֙קוּ֙	obl	you
14	עֲלֶ֥י	עַל	ADP	_	15 נָא	case	to
15	נָא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 סְלִ֙קוּ֙	obl	us
16	אֲת֖וֹ	אֲתָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=3	1 יְדִ֙יעַ֙	acl:relcl	they have come
17	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	18 ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם	case	to
18	ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם	יְרוּשְׁלֵם	PROPN	_	16 אֲת֖וֹ	obl	Jerusalem
19	קִרְיְת	קִרְיָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	26 בָּנַ֔יִן	obj	the
20	ָ֨א	א	DET	PronType=Art	19 קִרְיְת	det	city
21	מָֽרָדְתּ	מָרָד	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 קִרְיְת	amod	(the)
22	ָ֤א	א	DET	PronType=Art	21 מָֽרָדְתּ	det	rebellious
23	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 בִֽישְׁתּ	cc	and
24	בִֽישְׁתּ	בִּאישׁ	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	21 מָֽרָדְתּ	conj	(the)
25	ָא֙	א	DET	PronType=Art	24 בִֽישְׁתּ	det	evil
26	בָּנַ֔יִן	בְּנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur	16 אֲת֖וֹ	parataxis	[they are] building
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 שַׁכְלִ֔ילוּ	cc	and
28	שׁוּרַיּ	שׁוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	30 שַׁכְלִ֔ילוּ	obj	the
29	ָ֣א	א	DET	PronType=Art	28 שׁוּרַיּ	det	walls
30	שַׁכְלִ֔ילוּ	כְּלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=SHAPHEL Number=Plur Person=3	16 אֲת֖וֹ	conj	they have finished
31	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	34 יַחִֽיטוּ	cc	and
32	אֻשַּׁיּ	אֹשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	34 יַחִֽיטוּ	obj	the
33	ָ֖א	א	DET	PronType=Art	32 אֻשַּׁיּ	det	foundations
34	יַחִֽיטוּ	יחט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=APHEL Number=Plur Person=3	16 אֲת֖וֹ	conj	they are repairing
35	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	34 יַחִֽיטוּ	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יְדִיעַ known	participle passive · peil		אֲתוֹ they have come + בָּנַיִן [they are] building + שַׁכְלִילוּ they have finished + יַחִֽיטוּ they are repairing
סְלִקוּ they came up	qatal · peal	יְהוּדָי the
אֲתוֹ they have come	qatal · peal	יְהוּדָי the
בָּנַיִן [they are] building	participle active · peal	יְהוּדָי the	קִרְיְת the
שַׁכְלִילוּ they have finished	qatal · shaphel	יְהוּדָי the	שׁוּרַיּ the
יַחִֽיטוּ they are repairing	yiqtol · aphel	יְהוּדָי the	אֻשַּׁיּ the

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

be it known unto the king, that the Jews that came up from thee are come to us unto Jerusalem; they are building the rebellious and the bad city, and have finished the walls, and are digging out the foundations.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc-arc:EZR:4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.12/