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home / corpora / Tanakh / Ketuvim / Lamentations / chapter 3 / 3:6

Lamentations 3:6 אֵיכָה

Who acts: man, me · What happens: make, dwell, be · To what, where: me, dark places

This is Lamentations 3:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, me — and what happens in the verse to me, dark places, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 5 chapters of Lamentations on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

בְּמַחֲשַׁכִּ֥ים הוֹשִׁיבַ֖נִי כְּמֵתֵ֥י עוֹלָֽם׃ס

He hath made me to dwell in dark places, as those that have been long dead.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

caseoblobjcaseadvclcompound:smixutpunctpunctrootבְּADPinמַחֲשַׁכִּיםNOUNdark placesהוֹשִׁיבVERBheַנִיPRONhas caused me to dwellכְּADPlikeמֵתֵיVERBdead [people]עוֹלָֽםNOUNof antiquity׃PUNCTסPUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelationgloss
1בְּבְּADP_2 מַחֲשַׁכִּ֥יםcasein
2מַחֲשַׁכִּ֥יםמַחְשָׁךְNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur3 הוֹשִׁיבobldark places
3הוֹשִׁיביָשַׁבVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3rootroothe
4ַ֖נִיהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs3 הוֹשִׁיבobjhas caused me to dwell
5כְּכְּADP_6 מֵתֵ֥יcaselike
6מֵתֵ֥ימוּתVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur3 הוֹשִׁיבadvcldead [people]
7עוֹלָֽםעוֹלָםNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing6 מֵתֵ֥יcompound:smixutof antiquity
8׃׃PUNCT_7 עוֹלָֽםpunct
9ססPUNCT_7 עוֹלָֽםpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
character
speech
inside a quote begun earlier
negation
no
verbform · stemwho (A0)what, whom (A1)to whom, further (A2)who makes it happen (AA)
הוֹשִׁיב heqatal · hiphilַנִי has caused me to dwell

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

בְּבֵית יִסּוּרִין דַחֲשׁוֹכָא אוֹתְבַנִּי כְּמֵיתִין דְאָזְלִין לְעַלְמָא אוֹחֲרָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

  1. He hath made me to dwell in dark places, as those that have been long dead.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LAM:49.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.3.6/