Lamentations 5:11 אֵיכָה
Who acts: mothers · What happens: ravish · To what, where: women, Zion
This is Lamentations 5:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — mothers — and what happens in the verse to women, Zion, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 5 chapters of Lamentations on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
נָשִׁים֙ בְּצִיּ֣וֹן עִנּ֔וּ בְּתֻלֹ֖ת בְּעָרֵ֥י יְהוּדָֽה׃
They have ravished the women in Zion, the maidens in the cities of Judah.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | נָשִׁים֙ | אִשָּׁה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 4 עִנּ֔וּ | obj | women |
| 2 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 3 צִיּ֣וֹן | case | in |
| 3 | צִיּ֣וֹן | צִיּוֹן | PROPN | _ | 4 עִנּ֔וּ | obl | Zion |
| 4 | עִנּ֔וּ | עָנָה | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3 | root | root | men have humiliated |
| 5 | בְּתֻלֹ֖ת | בְּתוּלָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 4 עִנּ֔וּ | ccomp | virgins |
| 6 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 7 עָרֵ֥י | case | in |
| 7 | עָרֵ֥י | עִיר | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 5 בְּתֻלֹ֖ת | obl | the cities |
| 8 | יְהוּדָֽה | יְהוּדָה | PROPN | _ | 7 עָרֵ֥י | compound:smixut | of Judah |
| 9 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 8 יְהוּדָֽה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- the frame alone
- decl · assert · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| עִנּוּ men have humiliated | qatal · piel | נָשִׁים women |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
נְשַׁיָּא דַהֲווּ נְסִיבָן לִגְבַר בְּצִיּוֹן אִתְעַנִּיאוּ מִן אֲרַמָאֵי וּבְתוּלְתַּיָא בְּקִירְוֵי יְהוּדָה מִן כַּשְׂדָאֵי:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:LAM:142.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.5.11/