Nehemiah 13:18 נְחֶמְיָה

Who acts: God, ye · What happens: not bring, bring, profane · To what, where: evil, more wrath, sabbath

This is Nehemiah 13:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God, ye — and what happens in the verse to evil, more wrath, sabbath, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הֲל֨וֹא כֹ֤ה עָשׂוּ֙ אֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם וַיָּבֵ֨א אֱלֹהֵ֜ינוּ עָלֵ֗ינוּ אֵ֚ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את וְעַ֖ל הָעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֑את וְאַתֶּ֞ם מוֹסִיפִ֤ים חָרוֹן֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לְחַלֵּ֖ל אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּֽת׃פ

Did not your fathers thus, and did not our God bring all this evil upon us, and upon this city? yet ye bring more wrath upon Israel by profaning the sabbath.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	4 עָשׂוּ֙	advmod	?
2	ל֨וֹא	לֹא	ADV	_	4 עָשׂוּ֙	advmod	not
3	כֹ֤ה	כֹּה	ADV	_	4 עָשׂוּ֙	advmod	thus
4	עָשׂוּ֙	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	did they do
5	אֲבֹ֣תֵי	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 עָשׂוּ֙	nsubj	ancestors
6	כֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 אֲבֹ֣תֵי	nmod:poss	your
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יָּבֵ֨א	cc	and
8	יָּבֵ֨א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	4 עָשׂוּ֙	conj	he brought
9	אֱלֹהֵ֜י	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 יָּבֵ֨א	nsubj	God
10	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 אֱלֹהֵ֜י	nmod:poss	our
11	עָלֵ֗י	עַל	ADP	_	12 נוּ	case	on
12	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 יָּבֵ֨א	obl	us
13	אֵ֚ת	אֵת	ADP	_	14 כָּל־	case	(et)
14	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יָּבֵ֨א	obj	all
15	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 רָעָ֣ה	det	the
16	רָעָ֣ה	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	14 כָּל־	compound:smixut	trouble
17	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 זֹּ֔את	det	(the)
18	זֹּ֔את	זֹאת	DET	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	16 רָעָ֣ה	det	this
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 עִ֣יר	cc	and
20	עַ֖ל	עַל	ADP	_	22 עִ֣יר	case	on
21	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 עִ֣יר	det	the
22	עִ֣יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	12 נוּ	conj	city
23	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 זֹּ֑את	det	(the)
24	זֹּ֑את	זֹאת	DET	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	22 עִ֣יר	det	this
25	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 מוֹסִיפִ֤ים	cc	and
26	אַתֶּ֞ם	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 מוֹסִיפִ֤ים	nsubj	you
27	מוֹסִיפִ֤ים	יסף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur	4 עָשׂוּ֙	conj	[are] increasing
28	חָרוֹן֙	חָרוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 מוֹסִיפִ֤ים	obj	anger
29	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	30 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	case	toward
30	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	27 מוֹסִיפִ֤ים	obl	Israel
31	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	32 חַלֵּ֖ל	case	by
32	חַלֵּ֖ל	חָלַל	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	27 מוֹסִיפִ֤ים	xcomp	profaning
33	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	35 שַּׁבָּֽת	case	(et)
34	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	35 שַּׁבָּֽת	det	the
35	שַּׁבָּֽת	שַׁבָּת	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 חַלֵּ֖ל	obj	sabbath
36	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	35 שַּׁבָּֽת	punct
37	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	35 שַּׁבָּֽת	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
not עָשׂוּ did they do	qatal · qal	אֲבֹתֵי ancestors
יָּבֵא he brought	wayyiqtol · hiphil	רָעָה trouble		אֱלֹהֵי God
מוֹסִיפִים [are] increasing	participle active · hiphil	חָרוֹן anger		אַתֶּם you
חַלֵּל profaning	infinitive construct · piel		שַּׁבָּֽת sabbath

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Did not your fathers thus, and did not our God bring all this evil upon us, and upon this city? yet ye bring more wrath upon Israel by profaning the sabbath.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NEH:391.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.18/