Nehemiah 13:19 נְחֶמְיָה

Who acts: gates, I, some · What happens: come, pass, begin, be, command, shut · To what, where: sabbath, doors, gates, burden · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Nehemiah 13:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — gates, I, some — and what happens in the verse to sabbath, doors, gates, burden, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֡י כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר צָֽלֲלוּ֩ שַׁעֲרֵ֨י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם לִפְנֵ֣י הַשַּׁבָּ֗ת וָאֹֽמְרָה֙ וַיִּסָּגְר֣וּ הַדְּלָת֔וֹת וָאֹ֣מְרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א יִפְתָּח֔וּם עַ֖ד אַחַ֣ר הַשַּׁבָּ֑ת וּמִנְּעָרַ֗י הֶֽעֱמַ֙דְתִּי֙ עַל־הַשְּׁעָרִ֔ים לֹא־יָב֥וֹא מַשָּׂ֖א בְּי֥וֹם הַשַּׁבָּֽת׃

And it came to pass that, when the gates of Jerusalem began to be dark before the sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut, and commanded that they should not be opened till after the sabbath; and some of my servants set I over the gates, that there should no burden be brought in on the sabbath day.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֡י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֡י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	2 יְהִ֡י	obl	when
4	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	5 צָֽלֲלוּ֩	mark
5	צָֽלֲלוּ֩	צָלַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 כַּ	acl:relcl	they became shady
6	שַׁעֲרֵ֨י	שַׁעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 צָֽלֲלוּ֩	nsubj	the gates
7	יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם	יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם	PROPN	_	6 שַׁעֲרֵ֨י	compound:smixut	of Jerusalem
8	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	9 פְנֵ֣י	case	before
9	פְנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 צָֽלֲלוּ֩	obl
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 שַּׁבָּ֗ת	det	the
11	שַּׁבָּ֗ת	שַׁבָּת	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 פְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	sabbath
12	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 אֹֽמְר	cc	and
13	אֹֽמְר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יְהִ֡י	conj	I
14	ָה֙	ה	X	_	13 אֹֽמְר	nmod	said
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יִּסָּגְר֣וּ	cc	and
16	יִּסָּגְר֣וּ	סָגַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְהִ֡י	conj	they were closed
17	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 דְּלָת֔וֹת	det	the
18	דְּלָת֔וֹת	דֶּלֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	16 יִּסָּגְר֣וּ	nsubj	doors
19	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 אֹ֣מְר	cc	and
20	אֹ֣מְר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יְהִ֡י	conj	I
21	ָ֔ה	ה	X	_	20 אֹ֣מְר	nmod	said
22	אֲשֶׁר֙	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	24 יִפְתָּח֔וּ	mark	(cmp)
23	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	24 יִפְתָּח֔וּ	advmod	not
24	יִפְתָּח֔וּ	פָּתַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	20 אֹ֣מְר	acl:relcl	people
25	ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 יִפְתָּח֔וּ	obj	will open them
26	עַ֖ד	עַד	ADP	_	29 שַּׁבָּ֑ת	case	until
27	אַחַ֣ר	אַחַר	ADP	_	29 שַּׁבָּ֑ת	case	after
28	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 שַּׁבָּ֑ת	det	the
29	שַּׁבָּ֑ת	שַׁבָּת	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 יִפְתָּח֔וּ	obl	sabbath
30	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	34 הֶֽעֱמַ֙דְתִּי֙	cc	and
31	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	32 נְּעָר	case	some
32	נְּעָר	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	34 הֶֽעֱמַ֙דְתִּי֙	obj	of
33	ַ֗י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	32 נְּעָר	nmod:poss	my servants
34	הֶֽעֱמַ֙דְתִּי֙	עָמַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יְהִ֡י	conj	I stationed
35	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	37 שְּׁעָרִ֔ים	case	at
36	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	37 שְּׁעָרִ֔ים	det	the
37	שְּׁעָרִ֔ים	שַׁעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	34 הֶֽעֱמַ֙דְתִּי֙	obl	gates
38	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	39 יָב֥וֹא	advmod	not
39	יָב֥וֹא	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֡י	parataxis	it will come
40	מַשָּׂ֖א	מַשָּׂא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	39 יָב֥וֹא	nsubj	a load
41	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	42 י֥וֹם	case	on
42	י֥וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	39 יָב֥וֹא	obl	the day
43	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	44 שַּׁבָּֽת	det	of
44	שַּׁבָּֽת	שַׁבָּת	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 י֥וֹם	compound:smixut	the sabbath
45	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	44 שַּׁבָּֽת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
צָֽלֲלוּ they became shady	qatal · qal	שַׁעֲרֵי the gates
אֹֽמְר I	wayyiqtol · qal
יִּסָּגְרוּ they were closed	wayyiqtol · niphal		דְּלָתוֹת doors
אֹמְר I	wayyiqtol · qal		יִפְתָּחוּ people
not יִפְתָּחוּ people	yiqtol · qal		ם will open them
הֶֽעֱמַדְתִּי I stationed	qatal · hiphil	נְּעָר of
not יָבוֹא it will come	yiqtol · qal	מַשָּׂא a load

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass that, when the gates of Jerusalem began to be dark before the sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut, and commanded that they should not be opened till after the sabbath; and some of my servants set I over the gates, that there should no burden be brought in on the sabbath day.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NEH:392.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.19/