Nehemiah 2:19 נְחֶמְיָה

Who acts: Sanballat, ye · What happens: hear, laugh, scorn, despise, say, be · To what, where: hand, us, thing · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Nehemiah 2:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Sanballat, ye — and what happens in the verse to hand, us, thing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁמַע֩ סַנְבַלַּ֨ט הַחֹרֹנִ֜י וְטֹבִיָּ֣ה ׀ הָעֶ֣בֶד הָֽעַמּוֹנִ֗י וְגֶ֙שֶׁם֙ הָֽעַרְבִ֔י וַיַּלְעִ֣גוּ לָ֔נוּ וַיִּבְז֖וּ עָלֵ֑ינוּ וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ מָֽה־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתֶּ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים הַעַ֥ל הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אַתֶּ֥ם מֹרְדִֽים׃

But when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they laughed us to scorn, and despised us, and said: 'What is this thing that ye do? will ye rebel against the king?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁמַע֩	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁמַע֩	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he heard
3	סַנְבַלַּ֨ט	סַנְבַלַּט	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁמַע֩	nsubj	Sanballat
4	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 חֹרֹנִ֜י	det	the
5	חֹרֹנִ֜י	חֹרֹנִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 סַנְבַלַּ֨ט	appos	Horonite
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 טֹבִיָּ֣ה	cc	and
7	טֹבִיָּ֣ה	טֹובִיָּה	PROPN	_	3 סַנְבַלַּ֨ט	conj	Tobiah
8	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	7 טֹבִיָּ֣ה	punct
9	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 עֶ֣בֶד	det	the
10	עֶ֣בֶד	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 טֹבִיָּ֣ה	appos	servant
11	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 עַמּוֹנִ֗י	det	the
12	עַמּוֹנִ֗י	עַמּוֹנִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 טֹבִיָּ֣ה	appos	Ammonite
13	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 גֶ֙שֶׁם֙	cc	and
14	גֶ֙שֶׁם֙	גֶּשֶׁם	PROPN	_	3 סַנְבַלַּ֨ט	conj	Geshem
15	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 עַרְבִ֔י	det	the
16	עַרְבִ֔י	עַרְבִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 גֶ֙שֶׁם֙	appos	Arab
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יַּלְעִ֣גוּ	cc	and
18	יַּלְעִ֣גוּ	לָעַג	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַע֩	conj	they mocked
19	ל	לְ	ADP	_	20 ָ֔נוּ	case	(to)
20	ָ֔נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	18 יַּלְעִ֣גוּ	obl	us
21	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 יִּבְז֖וּ	cc	and
22	יִּבְז֖וּ	בָּזָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַע֩	conj	they despised
23	עָלֵ֑י	עַל	ADP	_	24 נוּ	case	(on)
24	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 יִּבְז֖וּ	obl	us
25	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 יֹּאמְר֗וּ	cc	and
26	יֹּאמְר֗וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַע֩	conj	they said
27	מָֽה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	26 יֹּאמְר֗וּ	ccomp	what?
28	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 דָּבָ֤ר	det	[is] the
29	דָּבָ֤ר	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 מָֽה־	nsubj	thing
30	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	31 זֶּה֙	det	(the)
31	זֶּה֙	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	29 דָּבָ֤ר	det	this
32	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	34 עֹשִׂ֔ים	mark	which
33	אַתֶּ֣ם	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	34 עֹשִׂ֔ים	nsubj	you
34	עֹשִׂ֔ים	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	29 דָּבָ֤ר	acl:relcl	[are] doing
35	הַ	הֲ	PART	_	40 מֹרְדִֽים	advmod	?
36	עַ֥ל	עַל	ADP	_	38 מֶּ֖לֶךְ	case	on
37	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	38 מֶּ֖לֶךְ	det	the
38	מֶּ֖לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	40 מֹרְדִֽים	obl	king
39	אַתֶּ֥ם	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	40 מֹרְדִֽים	nsubj	[are] you
40	מֹרְדִֽים	מָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	27 מָֽה־	parataxis	rebelling
41	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	40 מֹרְדִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשְׁמַע he heard	wayyiqtol · qal	סַנְבַלַּט Sanballat + טֹבִיָּה Tobiah + גֶשֶׁם Geshem
יַּלְעִגוּ they mocked	wayyiqtol · hiphil	סַנְבַלַּט Sanballat + טֹבִיָּה Tobiah + גֶשֶׁם Geshem
יִּבְזוּ they despised	wayyiqtol · qal	סַנְבַלַּט Sanballat + טֹבִיָּה Tobiah + גֶשֶׁם Geshem
יֹּאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal	סַנְבַלַּט Sanballat + טֹבִיָּה Tobiah + גֶשֶׁם Geshem
עֹשִׂים [are] doing	participle active · qal	אַתֶּם you	דָּבָר thing
מֹרְדִֽים rebelling	participle active · qal	אַתֶּם [are] you

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

But when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they laughed us to scorn, and despised us, and said: 'What is this thing that ye do? will ye rebel against the king?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NEH:29.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.19/