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Nehemiah 5:5 נְחֶמְיָה

Who acts: flesh, we, other men · What happens: be, bring, help, have · To what, where: sons, bondage, servants, some, power, flesh

This is Nehemiah 5:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — flesh, we, other men — and what happens in the verse to sons, bondage, servants, some, power, flesh, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְעַתָּ֗ה כִּבְשַׂ֤ר אַחֵ֙ינוּ֙ בְּשָׂרֵ֔נוּ כִּבְנֵיהֶ֖ם בָּנֵ֑ינוּ וְהִנֵּ֣ה אֲנַ֣חְנוּ כֹ֠בְשִׁים אֶת־בָּנֵ֨ינוּ וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֵ֜ינוּ לַעֲבָדִ֗ים וְיֵ֨שׁ מִבְּנֹתֵ֤ינוּ נִכְבָּשׁוֹת֙ וְאֵ֣ין לְאֵ֣ל יָדֵ֔נוּ וּשְׂדֹתֵ֥ינוּ וּכְרָמֵ֖ינוּ לַאֲחֵרִֽים׃

Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children; and, lo, we bring into bondage our sons and our daughters to be servants, and some of our daughters are brought into bondage already; neither is it in our power to help it; for other men have our fields and our vineyards.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

cccaseparataxiscompound:smixutnmod:possnsubjnmod:posscaseparataxisnmod:possnsubjnmod:possccdiscoursensubjconjcaseobjnmod:posscccaseconjnmod:posscaseoblccconjcaseoblnmod:possnsubjccconjcaseoblcompound:smixutnmod:possccnsubjnmod:possccconjnmod:posscaseconjpunctrootוְCCONJandעַתָּהADVnowכִּADP[is] likeבְשַׂרNOUNthe fleshאַחֵיNOUNour countrymenנוּPRONourבְּשָׂרNOUNfleshֵנוּPRONourכִּADP[are] likeבְנֵיNOUNchildrenהֶםPRONtheirבָּנֵיNOUNchildrenנוּPRONourוְCCONJandהִנֵּהINTJthere!אֲנַחְנוּPRONweכֹבְשִׁיםVERB[are] forcing into slaveryאֶת־ADP(et)בָּנֵיNOUNsonsנוּPRONourוְCCONJandאֶת־ADP(et)בְּנֹתֵיNOUNdaughtersנוּPRONourלַADPtoעֲבָדִיםNOUNslavesוְCCONJandיֵשׁADV(there)מִADPsomeבְּנֹתֵיNOUNofנוּPRONour daughtersנִכְבָּשׁוֹתVERB[are being] forced into slaveryוְCCONJandאֵיןADVthere [is] notלְADPtoאֵלNOUNthe powerיָדNOUNour handֵנוּPRONourוּCCONJandשְׂדֹתֵיNOUNfieldsנוּPRONourוּCCONJandכְרָמֵיNOUNvineyardsנוּPRONourלַADP[belong] toאֲחֵרִֽיםADJothers׃PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelationgloss
1וְוְCCONJ_2 עַתָּ֗הccand
2עַתָּ֗העַתָּהADV_rootrootnow
3כִּכְּADP_4 בְשַׂ֤רcase[is] like
4בְשַׂ֤רבָּשָׂרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing2 עַתָּ֗הparataxisthe flesh
5אַחֵ֙יאָחNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur4 בְשַׂ֤רcompound:smixutour countrymen
6נוּ֙הוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs5 אַחֵ֙יnmod:possour
7בְּשָׂרבָּשָׂרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing4 בְשַׂ֤רnsubjflesh
8ֵ֔נוּהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs7 בְּשָׂרnmod:possour
9כִּכְּADP_10 בְנֵיcase[are] like
10בְנֵיבֵּןNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur2 עַתָּ֗הparataxischildren
11הֶ֖םהוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs10 בְנֵיnmod:posstheir
12בָּנֵ֑יבֵּןNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur10 בְנֵיnsubjchildren
13נוּהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs12 בָּנֵ֑יnmod:possour
14וְוְCCONJ_17 כֹ֠בְשִׁיםccand
15הִנֵּ֣ההִנֵּהINTJ_17 כֹ֠בְשִׁיםdiscoursethere!
16אֲנַ֣חְנוּאֲנַחְנוּPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs17 כֹ֠בְשִׁיםnsubjwe
17כֹ֠בְשִׁיםכָּבַשׁVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur2 עַתָּ֗הconj[are] forcing into slavery
18אֶת־אֵתADP_19 בָּנֵ֨יcase(et)
19בָּנֵ֨יבֵּןNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur17 כֹ֠בְשִׁיםobjsons
20נוּהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs19 בָּנֵ֨יnmod:possour
21וְוְCCONJ_23 בְּנֹתֵ֜יccand
22אֶת־אֵתADP_23 בְּנֹתֵ֜יcase(et)
23בְּנֹתֵ֜יבַּתNOUNGender=Fem Number=Plur19 בָּנֵ֨יconjdaughters
24נוּהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs23 בְּנֹתֵ֜יnmod:possour
25לַלְADP_26 עֲבָדִ֗יםcaseto
26עֲבָדִ֗יםעֶבֶדNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur17 כֹ֠בְשִׁיםoblslaves
27וְוְCCONJ_28 יֵ֨שׁccand
28יֵ֨שׁיֵשׁADV_2 עַתָּ֗הconj(there)
29מִמִןADP_30 בְּנֹתֵ֤יcasesome
30בְּנֹתֵ֤יבַּתNOUNGender=Fem Number=Plur28 יֵ֨שׁoblof
31נוּהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs30 בְּנֹתֵ֤יnmod:possour daughters
32נִכְבָּשׁוֹת֙כָּבַשׁVERBGender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur28 יֵ֨שׁnsubj[are being] forced into slavery
33וְוְCCONJ_34 אֵ֣יןccand
34אֵ֣יןאַיִןADV_2 עַתָּ֗הconjthere [is] not
35לְלְADP_36 אֵ֣לcaseto
36אֵ֣לאֵלNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing34 אֵ֣יןoblthe power
37יָדיָדNOUNNumber=Sing36 אֵ֣לcompound:smixutour hand
38ֵ֔נוּהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs37 יָדnmod:possour
39וּוְCCONJ_46 אֲחֵרִֽיםccand
40שְׂדֹתֵ֥ישָׂדֶהNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur46 אֲחֵרִֽיםnsubjfields
41נוּהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs40 שְׂדֹתֵ֥יnmod:possour
42וּוְCCONJ_43 כְרָמֵ֖יccand
43כְרָמֵ֖יכֶּרֶםNOUNNumber=Plur40 שְׂדֹתֵ֥יconjvineyards
44נוּהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs43 כְרָמֵ֖יnmod:possour
45לַלְADP_46 אֲחֵרִֽיםcase[belong] to
46אֲחֵרִֽיםאַחֵרADJGender=Masc Number=Plur2 עַתָּ֗הconjothers
47׃׃PUNCT_46 אֲחֵרִֽיםpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
character
speech
inside a quote begun earlier
negation
yes
verbform · stemwho (A0)what, whom (A1)to whom, further (A2)who makes it happen (AA)
כֹבְשִׁים [are] forcing into slaveryparticiple active · qalאֲנַחְנוּ weבָּנֵי sons + בְּנֹתֵי daughters

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

  1. Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children; and, lo, we bring into bondage our sons and our daughters to be servants, and some of our daughters are brought into bondage already; neither is it in our power to help it; for other men have our fields and our vineyards.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NEH:90.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.5.5/