Nehemiah 6:16 נְחֶמְיָה

Who acts: wall, enemies, nations · What happens: come, pass, hear, be, fear, cast down · To what, where: own eyes, work · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Nehemiah 6:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wall, enemies, nations — and what happens in the verse to own eyes, work, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֗י כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר שָֽׁמְעוּ֙ כָּל־א֣וֹיְבֵ֔ינוּ וַיִּֽרְא֗וּ כָּל־הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר סְבִֽיבֹתֵ֔ינוּ וַיִּפְּל֥וּ מְאֹ֖ד בְּעֵינֵיהֶ֑ם וַיֵּ֣דְע֔וּ כִּ֚י מֵאֵ֣ת אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ נֶעֶשְׂתָ֖ה הַמְּלָאכָ֥ה הַזֹּֽאת׃

And it came to pass, when all our enemies heard thereof, that all the nations that were about us feared, and were much cast down in their own eyes; for they perceived that this work was wrought of our God.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֗י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֗י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	2 יְהִ֗י	obl	when
4	אֲשֶׁ֤ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	5 שָֽׁמְעוּ֙	mark
5	שָֽׁמְעוּ֙	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 כַּ	acl:relcl	they heard
6	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 שָֽׁמְעוּ֙	nsubj	all
7	א֣וֹיְבֵ֔י	אָיַב	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	6 כָּל־	compound:smixut	enemies
8	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 א֣וֹיְבֵ֔י	nmod:poss	our
9	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יִּֽרְא֗וּ	cc	and
10	יִּֽרְא֗וּ	ירא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 שָֽׁמְעוּ֙	conj	they were afraid
11	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 יִּֽרְא֗וּ	nsubj	all
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 גּוֹיִם֙	det	the
13	גּוֹיִם֙	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 כָּל־	compound:smixut	nations
14	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	15 סְבִֽיבֹתֵ֔י	mark	which
15	סְבִֽיבֹתֵ֔י	סָבִיב	ADV	Number=Plur	11 כָּל־	acl:relcl	[were] around
16	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	15 סְבִֽיבֹתֵ֔י	nmod:poss	us
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יִּפְּל֥וּ	cc	and
18	יִּפְּל֥וּ	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְהִ֗י	conj	they fell
19	מְאֹ֖ד	מְאֹד	ADV	_	18 יִּפְּל֥וּ	advmod	exceedingly
20	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	21 עֵינֵי	case	in
21	עֵינֵי	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Dual	18 יִּפְּל֥וּ	obl	their own
22	הֶ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 עֵינֵי	nmod:poss	eyes
23	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יֵּ֣דְע֔וּ	cc	and
24	יֵּ֣דְע֔וּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְהִ֗י	conj	they knew
25	כִּ֚י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	30 נֶעֶשְׂתָ֖ה	mark	(dm) that
26	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	28 אֱלֹהֵ֔י	case	from
27	אֵ֣ת	אֵת	ADP	_	28 אֱלֹהֵ֔י	case	with
28	אֱלֹהֵ֔י	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	30 נֶעֶשְׂתָ֖ה	obl	God
29	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	28 אֱלֹהֵ֔י	nmod:poss	our
30	נֶעֶשְׂתָ֖ה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	24 יֵּ֣דְע֔וּ	ccomp	it had been done
31	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	32 מְּלָאכָ֥ה	det	the
32	מְּלָאכָ֥ה	מְלָאכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	30 נֶעֶשְׂתָ֖ה	nsubj	work
33	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	34 זֹּֽאת	det	(the)
34	זֹּֽאת	זֹאת	DET	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	32 מְּלָאכָ֥ה	det	this
35	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	34 זֹּֽאת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שָֽׁמְעוּ they heard	qatal · qal	אוֹיְבֵי enemies
יִּֽרְאוּ they were afraid	wayyiqtol · qal	גּוֹיִם nations
יִּפְּלוּ they fell	wayyiqtol · qal	אוֹיְבֵי enemies + גּוֹיִם nations
יֵּדְעוּ they knew	wayyiqtol · qal	אוֹיְבֵי enemies + גּוֹיִם nations	נֶעֶשְׂתָה it had been done
נֶעֶשְׂתָה it had been done	qatal · niphal		מְּלָאכָה work

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass, when all our enemies heard thereof, that all the nations that were about us feared, and were much cast down in their own eyes; for they perceived that this work was wrought of our God.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NEH:120.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.6.16/