Nehemiah 6:17 נְחֶמְיָה

Who acts: nobles, letters · What happens: send, come, letter · To what, where: many letters, Tobiah

This is Nehemiah 6:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — nobles, letters — and what happens in the verse to many letters, Tobiah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

גַּ֣ם ׀ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֗ם מַרְבִּ֞ים חֹרֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ אִגְּרֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם הוֹלְכ֖וֹת עַל־טוֹבִיָּ֑ה וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר לְטוֹבִיָּ֖ה בָּא֥וֹת אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃

Moreover in those days the nobles of Judah sent many letters unto Tobiah, and the letters of Tobiah came unto them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	גַּ֣ם	גַּם	ADV	_	5 יָּמִ֣ים	advmod	also
2	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	1 גַּ֣ם	punct
3	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	5 יָּמִ֣ים	case	in
4	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 יָּמִ֣ים	det	the
5	יָּמִ֣ים	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 מַרְבִּ֞ים	obl	days
6	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 הֵ֗ם	det	(the)
7	הֵ֗ם	הֵם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 יָּמִ֣ים	det	those
8	מַרְבִּ֞ים	רָבָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur	root	root	[were] multiplying
9	חֹרֵ֤י	חֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 מַרְבִּ֞ים	nsubj	the nobles
10	יְהוּדָה֙	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	9 חֹרֵ֤י	compound:smixut	of Judah
11	אִגְּרֹ֣תֵי	אִגֶּרֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	8 מַרְבִּ֞ים	obj	letters
12	הֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 אִגְּרֹ֣תֵי	nmod:poss	their
13	הוֹלְכ֖וֹת	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	11 אִגְּרֹ֣תֵי	acl:relcl	[which were] going
14	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	15 טוֹבִיָּ֑ה	case	to
15	טוֹבִיָּ֑ה	טֹובִיָּה	PROPN	_	13 הוֹלְכ֖וֹת	obl	Tobiah
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 בָּא֥וֹת	cc	and [those]
17	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	19 טוֹבִיָּ֖ה	mark	which
18	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	19 טוֹבִיָּ֖ה	case	[belonged] to
19	טוֹבִיָּ֖ה	טֹובִיָּה	PROPN	_	20 בָּא֥וֹת	nsubj	Tobiah
20	בָּא֥וֹת	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	8 מַרְבִּ֞ים	conj	[were] coming
21	אֲלֵי	אֶל	ADP	_	22 הֶֽם	case	to
22	הֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 בָּא֥וֹת	obl	them
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 הֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
מַרְבִּים [were] multiplying	participle active · hiphil	אִגְּרֹתֵי letters	חֹרֵי the nobles
הוֹלְכוֹת [which were] going	participle active · qal	אִגְּרֹתֵי letters
בָּאוֹת [were] coming	participle active · qal	טוֹבִיָּה Tobiah

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Moreover in those days the nobles of Judah sent many letters unto Tobiah, and the letters of Tobiah came unto them.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NEH:121.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.6.17/