Proverbs 14:31 מִשְׁלֵי
Who acts: king · What happens: oppress, blaspheme, be, honour · To what, where: poor, Maker
This is Proverbs 14:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king — and what happens in the verse to poor, Maker, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
עֹ֣שֵֽׁקדָּ֭ל חֵרֵ֣ף עֹשֵׂ֑הוּ וּ֝מְכַבְּד֗וֹ חֹנֵ֥ן אֶבְיֽוֹן׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | עֹ֣שֵֽׁק | עָשַׁק | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 3 חֵרֵ֣ף | nsubj | [one who] oppresses |
| 2 | דָּ֭ל | דַּל | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 עֹ֣שֵֽׁק | obj | [the] poor |
| 3 | חֵרֵ֣ף | חָרַף | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he reproaches |
| 4 | עֹשׂ | עָשָׂה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 3 חֵרֵ֣ף | obj | maker |
| 5 | ֵ֑הוּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 עֹשׂ | nmod:poss | his |
| 6 | וּ֝ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 חֹנֵ֥ן | cc | and [is] |
| 7 | מְכַבְּד | כָּבֵד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing | 9 חֹנֵ֥ן | nsubj | honoring |
| 8 | ֗וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 מְכַבְּד | nmod:poss | him |
| 9 | חֹנֵ֥ן | חָנַן | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 3 חֵרֵ֣ף | conj | [one who] shows favor to |
| 10 | אֶבְיֽוֹן | אֶבְיוֹן | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 חֹנֵ֥ן | obj | [the] needy |
| 11 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 10 אֶבְיֽוֹן | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| עֹשֵֽׁק [one who] oppresses | participle active · qal | דָּל [the] poor | |||
| חֵרֵף he reproaches | qatal · piel | עֹשֵֽׁק [one who] oppresses | עֹשׂ maker | ||
| עֹשׂ maker | participle active · qal | ֵהוּ his | |||
| מְכַבְּד honoring | participle active · piel | וֹ him | |||
| חֹנֵן [one who] shows favor to | participle active · qal | מְכַבְּד honoring | אֶבְיֽוֹן [the] needy |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
דְעַשֵׁק לְמִסְכְּנָא חִסוּדָא עָבִיד לְבָרְיֵה וְדִמְרַחֵם עֲלִיבָא יְקָרֵיהּ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:402.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.14.31/