Proverbs 14:5 מִשְׁלֵי
Who acts: faithful witness, false witness · What happens: not lie, breathe, lie
This is Proverbs 14:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — faithful witness, false witness — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
עֵ֣ד אֱ֭מוּנִים לֹ֣א יְכַזֵּ֑ב וְיָפִ֥יחַ כְּ֝זָבִ֗ים עֵ֣ד שָֽׁקֶר׃
A faithful witness will not lie; but a false witness breatheth forth lies.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | עֵ֣ד | עֵד | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 4 יְכַזֵּ֑ב | nsubj | a witness |
| 2 | אֱ֭מוּנִים | אֱמוּן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 1 עֵ֣ד | compound:smixut | of faithfulness(es) |
| 3 | לֹ֣א | לֹא | ADV | _ | 4 יְכַזֵּ֑ב | advmod | not |
| 4 | יְכַזֵּ֑ב | כָּזַב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he tells lies |
| 5 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 6 יָפִ֥יחַ | cc | and |
| 6 | יָפִ֥יחַ | פּוּחַ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 יְכַזֵּ֑ב | conj | he breathes out |
| 7 | כְּ֝זָבִ֗ים | כָּזָב | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 6 יָפִ֥יחַ | obj | lies |
| 8 | עֵ֣ד | עֵד | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 6 יָפִ֥יחַ | nsubj | a witness |
| 9 | שָֽׁקֶר | שֶׁקֶר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 8 עֵ֣ד | compound:smixut | of falsehood |
| 10 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 9 שָֽׁקֶר | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| not יְכַזֵּב he tells lies | yiqtol · piel | עֵד a witness | |||
| יָפִיחַ he breathes out | yiqtol · hiphil | כְּזָבִים lies | עֵד a witness |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
סָהֲדָא מְהֵימְנָא לָא מְכַזֵב וְדִמְמַלֵל כַּדְבוּתָא סַהֲדָא רִגְלָא הוּא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:376.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.14.5/