Proverbs 23:28 מִשְׁלֵי
Who acts: woman · What happens: lie, increase · To what, where: wait, faithless
This is Proverbs 23:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — woman — and what happens in the verse to wait, faithless, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
אַף־הִ֭יא כְּחֶ֣תֶף תֶּֽאֱרֹ֑ב וּ֝בוֹגְדִ֗ים בְּאָדָ֥ם תּוֹסִֽף׃
She also lieth in wait as a robber, and increaseth the faithless among men.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אַף־ | אַף | ADV | _ | 2 הִ֭יא | advmod | also |
| 2 | הִ֭יא | הִיא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 תֶּֽאֱרֹ֑ב | nsubj | she |
| 3 | כְּ | כְּ | ADP | _ | 4 חֶ֣תֶף | case | like |
| 4 | חֶ֣תֶף | חֶתֶף | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 5 תֶּֽאֱרֹ֑ב | obl | a robber |
| 5 | תֶּֽאֱרֹ֑ב | אָרַב | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | she lies in wait |
| 6 | וּ֝ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 10 תּוֹסִֽף | cc | and |
| 7 | בוֹגְדִ֗ים | בָּגַד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 10 תּוֹסִֽף | obj | [those who] act treacherously |
| 8 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 9 אָדָ֥ם | case | among |
| 9 | אָדָ֥ם | אָדָם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 10 תּוֹסִֽף | obl | humankind |
| 10 | תּוֹסִֽף | יָסַף | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | 5 תֶּֽאֱרֹ֑ב | conj | she increases |
| 11 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 10 תּוֹסִֽף | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| תֶּֽאֱרֹב she lies in wait | yiqtol · qal | הִיא she | |||
| תּוֹסִֽף she increases | yiqtol · hiphil | בוֹגְדִים [those who] act treacherously |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
וְהֵיךְ מְטָרֵף עֵינָהָא כְמָנָא וְצָאֵר אַבְנֵא שַׁבְּרֵי:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:671.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.23.28/