Proverbs 24:31 מִשְׁלֵי
What happens: grow over, cover, break down · To what, where: field, face, stone wall
This is Proverbs 24:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to field, face, stone wall, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וְהִנֵּ֨ה עָ֘לָ֤ה כֻלּ֨וֹ ׀ קִמְּשֹׂנִ֗ים כָּסּ֣וּ פָנָ֣יו חֲרֻלִּ֑ים וְגֶ֖דֶר אֲבָנָ֣יו נֶהֱרָֽסָה׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 3 עָ֘לָ֤ה | cc | and |
| 2 | הִנֵּ֨ה | הִנֵּה | INTJ | _ | 3 עָ֘לָ֤ה | discourse | there! |
| 3 | עָ֘לָ֤ה | עָלָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | it had grown up |
| 4 | כֻלּ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 עָ֘לָ֤ה | nsubj | of it |
| 5 | ֨וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 כֻלּ | nmod:poss | all |
| 6 | ׀ | ׀ | PUNCT | _ | 5 ֨וֹ | punct | |
| 7 | קִמְּשֹׂנִ֗ים | קִמָּשׂוֹן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 3 עָ֘לָ֤ה | obl | nettles |
| 8 | כָּסּ֣וּ | כָּסָה | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 3 עָ֘לָ֤ה | parataxis | they were covered |
| 9 | פָנָ֣י | פָּנֶה | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 כָּסּ֣וּ | nsubj | surface |
| 10 | ו | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 פָנָ֣י | nmod:poss | its |
| 11 | חֲרֻלִּ֑ים | חָרוּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 8 כָּסּ֣וּ | obl | weeds |
| 12 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 16 נֶהֱרָֽסָה | cc | and |
| 13 | גֶ֖דֶר | גֶּדֶר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 16 נֶהֱרָֽסָה | nsubj | the wall |
| 14 | אֲבָנָ֣י | אֶבֶן | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 13 גֶ֖דֶר | compound:smixut | its stones |
| 15 | ו | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 אֲבָנָ֣י | nmod:poss | his |
| 16 | נֶהֱרָֽסָה | הָרַס | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 3 עָ֘לָ֤ה | conj | it was broken down |
| 17 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 16 נֶהֱרָֽסָה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| עָלָה it had grown up | qatal · qal | וֹ all | |||
| כָּסּוּ they were covered | qatal · pual | פָנָי surface | |||
| נֶהֱרָֽסָה it was broken down | qatal · niphal | גֶדֶר the wall |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
וְהָא סְלֵיק כֻּלֵיהּ יַעֲרֵי וְכַסִיוּ אַפּוֹי חוּרְלֵי וְסַיְגָא דְכֵיפוֹי אִתְעֲקַר:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:709.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.24.31/