Proverbs 29:1 מִשְׁלֵי
What happens: reprove, harden, break · To what, where: neck, He
This is Proverbs 29:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to neck, He, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
אִ֣ישׁ תּ֭וֹכָחוֹת מַקְשֶׁה־עֹ֑רֶף פֶּ֥תַע יִ֝שָּׁבֵ֗ר וְאֵ֣ין מַרְפֵּֽא׃
He that being often reproved hardeneth his neck shall suddenly be broken, and that without remedy.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אִ֣ישׁ | אִישׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 מַקְשֶׁה־ | nsubj | a person |
| 2 | תּ֭וֹכָחוֹת | תּוֹכַחַת | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 1 אִ֣ישׁ | compound:smixut | of rebukes |
| 3 | מַקְשֶׁה־ | קָשָׁה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing | root | root | [who] stiffens |
| 4 | עֹ֑רֶף | עֹרֶף | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 מַקְשֶׁה־ | obj | a neck |
| 5 | פֶּ֥תַע | פֶּתַע | NOUN | _ | 6 יִ֝שָּׁבֵ֗ר | obl | suddenness |
| 6 | יִ֝שָּׁבֵ֗ר | שָׁבַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 3 מַקְשֶׁה־ | parataxis | he will be broken |
| 7 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 8 אֵ֣ין | cc | and |
| 8 | אֵ֣ין | אַיִן | ADV | _ | 3 מַקְשֶׁה־ | conj | there [will] not [be] |
| 9 | מַרְפֵּֽא | מַרְפֵּא | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 8 אֵ֣ין | nsubj | healing |
| 10 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 9 מַרְפֵּֽא | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| not מַקְשֶׁה־ [who] stiffens | participle active · hiphil | עֹרֶף a neck | אִישׁ a person | ||
| יִשָּׁבֵר he will be broken | yiqtol · niphal | אִישׁ a person |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
גַבְרָא דְלָא מְקַבֵּל מַכְסְנוּתָא וּמַקְשֵׁי קְדָלֵיהּ בַּעֲגָלָא נִתְתְּבַר וְלָא תֶהֱוֵי לֵיהּ אָסוּ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:824.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.29.1/