Psalms 139:12 תְּהִלִּים

Who acts: darkness, night · What happens: not be, shine, be

This is Psalms 139:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — darkness, night — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

גַּם־חֹשֶׁךְ֮ לֹֽא־יַחְשִׁ֪יךְ מִ֫מֶּ֥ךָ וְ֭לַיְלָה כַּיּ֣וֹם יָאִ֑יר כַּ֝חֲשֵׁיכָ֗ה כָּאוֹרָֽה׃

Even the darkness is not too dark for Thee, but the night shineth as the day; the darkness is even as the light.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	2 חֹשֶׁךְ֮	advmod	also
2	חֹשֶׁךְ֮	חֹשֶׁךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 יַחְשִׁ֪יךְ	nsubj	darkness
3	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	4 יַחְשִׁ֪יךְ	advmod	not
4	יַחְשִׁ֪יךְ	חָשַׁךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it is [too] dark
5	מִ֫מּ	מִן	ADP	_	6 ֶ֥ךָ	case	for
6	ֶ֥ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 יַחְשִׁ֪יךְ	obl	you
7	וְ֭	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יָאִ֑יר	cc	and
8	לַיְלָה	לַיְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 יָאִ֑יר	nsubj	night
9	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	11 יּ֣וֹם	case	like
10	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 יּ֣וֹם	det	the
11	יּ֣וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 יָאִ֑יר	obl	day
12	יָאִ֑יר	אוֹר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	4 יַחְשִׁ֪יךְ	conj	it shines
13	כַּ֝	כְּ	ADP	_	15 חֲשֵׁיכָ֗ה	case	as
14	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 חֲשֵׁיכָ֗ה	det	the
15	חֲשֵׁיכָ֗ה	חֲשֵׁכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 יַחְשִׁ֪יךְ	parataxis	darkness
16	כָּ	כְּ	ADP	_	18 אוֹרָֽה	case	as
17	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 אוֹרָֽה	det	the
18	אוֹרָֽה	אוֹרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	15 חֲשֵׁיכָ֗ה	obl	light
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 אוֹרָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
not יַחְשִׁיךְ it is [too] dark	yiqtol · hiphil	חֹשֶׁךְ darkness
יָאִיר it shines	yiqtol · hiphil	לַיְלָה night

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

לְחוֹד חֲשׁוֹכָא לָא יַחֲשִׁיךְ מִן מֵימְרָךְ וְלֵילְיָא הֵיךְ יוֹמָא יַנְהֵר הֵיךְ חֲשׁוֹכָא הֵיךְ נְהוֹרָא שָׁוְיָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Even the darkness is not too dark for Thee, but the night shineth as the day; the darkness is even as the light.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:2375.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.139.12/