Psalms 35:16 תְּהִלִּים
Who acts: profanest mockeries, witnesses · What happens: backbite, gnash
This is Psalms 35:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — profanest mockeries, witnesses — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
בְּ֭חַנְפֵי לַעֲגֵ֣י מָע֑וֹג חָרֹ֖ק עָלַ֣י שִׁנֵּֽימוֹ׃
With the profanest mockeries of backbiting they gnash at me with their teeth.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | בְּ֭ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 2 חַנְפֵי | case | (in) godless |
| 2 | חַנְפֵי | חָנֵף | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 5 חָרֹ֖ק | obl | [ones] |
| 3 | לַעֲגֵ֣י | לָעֵג | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 2 חַנְפֵי | compound:smixut | of mockers |
| 4 | מָע֑וֹג | מָעוֹג | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 לַעֲגֵ֣י | compound:smixut | of cake |
| 5 | חָרֹ֖ק | חָרַק | VERB | HebBinyan=QAL | root | root | they gnashed |
| 6 | עָל | עַל | ADP | _ | 7 ַ֣י | case | towards |
| 7 | ַ֣י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 חָרֹ֖ק | obl | me |
| 8 | שִׁנֵּֽי | שֵׁן | NOUN | Number=Dual | 5 חָרֹ֖ק | obj | teeth |
| 9 | מוֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 שִׁנֵּֽי | nmod:poss | their |
| 10 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 9 מוֹ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| חָרֹק they gnashed | infinitive absolute · qal | שִׁנֵּֽי teeth |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
בְּמִלֵי שְׁעִיעוּתָא וּמַרְהֲבַיָא וּמְמַקְנַיָא מְעַסַן עֲלַי כַּכֵיהוֹן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:502.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.35.16/