Psalms 55:4 תְּהִלִּים

Who acts: they · What happens: cast, persecute, oppress · To what, where: mischief, me, anger, wicked

This is Psalms 55:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — they — and what happens in the verse to mischief, me, anger, wicked, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

מִקּ֤וֹל אוֹיֵ֗ב מִפְּנֵ֣י עָקַ֣ת רָשָׁ֑ע כִּי־יָמִ֥יטוּ עָלַ֥י אָ֝֗וֶן וּבְאַ֥ף יִשְׂטְמֽוּנִי׃

Because of the voice of the enemy, because of the oppression of the wicked; for they cast mischief upon me, and in anger they persecute me.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	2 קּ֤וֹל	case	from
2	קּ֤וֹל	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	the sound
3	אוֹיֵ֗ב	אָיַב	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 קּ֤וֹל	compound:smixut	of an enemy
4	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	5 פְּנֵ֣י	case	because
5	פְּנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 קּ֤וֹל	conj	of
6	עָקַ֣ת	עָקָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 פְּנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	[the] pressure
7	רָשָׁ֑ע	רָשָׁע	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 עָקַ֣ת	compound:smixut	of [the] wicked
8	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	9 יָמִ֥יטוּ	mark	(dm)
9	יָמִ֥יטוּ	מוֹט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 קּ֤וֹל	advcl	they drop
10	עָל	עַל	ADP	_	11 ַ֥י	case	on
11	ַ֥י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 יָמִ֥יטוּ	obl	me
12	אָ֝֗וֶן	אָוֶן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 יָמִ֥יטוּ	obj	wickedness
13	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יִשְׂטְמֽוּ	cc	and
14	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 אַ֥ף	case	in
15	אַ֥ף	אַף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יִשְׂטְמֽוּ	obl	anger
16	יִשְׂטְמֽוּ	שָׂטַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 קּ֤וֹל	conj	they
17	נִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 יִשְׂטְמֽוּ	obj	are hostile towards me
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 נִי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יָמִיטוּ they drop	yiqtol · hiphil	אָוֶן wickedness			אוֹיֵב of an enemy + רָשָׁע of [the] wicked
יִשְׂטְמֽוּ they	yiqtol · qal	אוֹיֵב of an enemy + רָשָׁע of [the] wicked	נִי are hostile towards me

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

מִקָל בְּעֵל דְבָבָא מִן קֳדָם עָקַת רַשִׁיעָא אֲרוּם יִגְרוּן עֲלָי שִׁקְרָא וּבְרוּגְזָא יִנְטְרוּן לִי לִדְבָבוּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Because of the voice of the enemy, because of the oppression of the wicked; for they cast mischief upon me, and in anger they persecute me.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:831.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.55.4/