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home / corpora / Tanakh / Ketuvim / Psalms / chapter 78 / 78:2

Psalms 78:2 תְּהִלִּים

Who acts: I · What happens: open, utter · To what, where: mouth, dark sayings

This is Psalms 78:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I — and what happens in the verse to mouth, dark sayings, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אֶפְתְּחָ֣ה בְמָשָׁ֣ל פִּ֑י אַבִּ֥יעָה חִ֝יד֗וֹת מִנִּי־קֶֽדֶם׃

I will open my mouth with a parable; I will utter dark sayings concerning days of old;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

caseoblobjnmod:possparataxisobjcasenmodpunctrootאֶפְתְּחָהVERBI will openבְADPinמָשָׁלNOUNa parableפּNOUNmouthִיPRONmyאַבִּיעָהVERBI will pour forthחִידוֹתNOUNriddlesמִנִּי־ADPfromקֶֽדֶםNOUNantiquity׃PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelationgloss
1אֶפְתְּחָ֣הפָּתַחVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1rootrootI will open
2בְבְּADP_3 מָשָׁ֣לcasein
3מָשָׁ֣למָשָׁלNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing1 אֶפְתְּחָ֣הobla parable
4פּפֶּהNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing1 אֶפְתְּחָ֣הobjmouth
5ִ֑יהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs4 פּnmod:possmy
6אַבִּ֥יעָהנָבַעVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=11 אֶפְתְּחָ֣הparataxisI will pour forth
7חִ֝יד֗וֹתחִידָהNOUNGender=Fem Number=Plur6 אַבִּ֥יעָהobjriddles
8מִנִּי־מִןADP_9 קֶֽדֶםcasefrom
9קֶֽדֶםקֶדֶםNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing7 חִ֝יד֗וֹתnmodantiquity
10׃׃PUNCT_9 קֶֽדֶםpunct

Pragmatics

form
command
act
request
voice
character
speech
inside a quote begun earlier
negation
no
verbform · stemwho (A0)what, whom (A1)to whom, further (A2)who makes it happen (AA)
אֶפְתְּחָה I will opencohortative · qalפּ mouth
אַבִּיעָה I will pour forthcohortative · hiphilחִידוֹת riddles

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

אֶפְתַּח בִּמְתַל פּוּמִי אַבִּיעַ חֶדְוַן דְמִן לְקַדְמִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

  1. I will open my mouth with a parable; I will utter dark sayings concerning days of old;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:1229.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.78.2/