Ruth 3:8 רוּת

Who acts: woman · What happens: come, pass, startle, turn, lie · To what, where: end, man, feet

This is Ruth 3:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — woman — and what happens in the verse to end, man, feet, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Ruth on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִי֙ בַּחֲצִ֣י הַלַּ֔יְלָה וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד הָאִ֖ישׁ וַיִּלָּפֵ֑ת וְהִנֵּ֣ה אִשָּׁ֔ה שֹׁכֶ֖בֶת מַרְגְּלֹתָֽיו׃

And it came to pass at midnight, that the man was startled, and turned himself; and, behold, a woman lay at his feet.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִי֙	cc	and
2	יְהִי֙	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	4 חֲצִ֣י	case	in
4	חֲצִ֣י	חֲצִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יְהִי֙	obl	the middle
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 לַּ֔יְלָה	det	of
6	לַּ֔יְלָה	לַיְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 חֲצִ֣י	compound:smixut	the night
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יֶּחֱרַ֥ד	cc	and
8	יֶּחֱרַ֥ד	חָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִי֙	conj	he trembled
9	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 אִ֖ישׁ	det	the
10	אִ֖ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יֶּחֱרַ֥ד	nsubj	man
11	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יִּלָּפֵ֑ת	cc	and
12	יִּלָּפֵ֑ת	לָפַת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִי֙	conj	he twisted
13	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 שֹׁכֶ֖בֶת	cc	and
14	הִנֵּ֣ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	16 שֹׁכֶ֖בֶת	discourse	there!
15	אִשָּׁ֔ה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	16 שֹׁכֶ֖בֶת	nsubj	a woman
16	שֹׁכֶ֖בֶת	שָׁכַב	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יְהִי֙	conj	[was] lying down
17	מַרְגְּלֹתָֽי	מַרְגְּלֹת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	16 שֹׁכֶ֖בֶת	obl	feet
18	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 מַרְגְּלֹתָֽי	nmod:poss	his
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יֶּחֱרַד he trembled	wayyiqtol · qal	אִישׁ man
יִּלָּפֵת he twisted	wayyiqtol · niphal	אִישׁ man
שֹׁכֶבֶת [was] lying down	participle active · qal	אִשָּׁה a woman

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וַהֲוָה בְּפַלְגוּת לֵילְיָא וּתְוַהּ גּוּבְרָא וּרְתֵית וְאִתְרַכִּיךְ כְּלִפְתָּא בִּשְׂרֵיהּ מִן רְתֵיתָא וַחֲזָא אִתְּתָא דָּמְכָא לָקֳבֵל רַגְלוֹי וּכְבַשׁ יִצְרֵיהּ וְלָא קְרֵיב לְוָתַהּ הֵיכְּמָא דַּעֲבַד יוֹסֵף צַדִּיקָא דְּסָרֵיב לְמִקְרַב לְוָת מִצְרֵיתָא אִתַּת רִבּוֹנֵיהּ וְהֵיכְּמָא דַּעֲבַד פַּלְטִיאֵל בַּר לַיִשׁ חַסִּידָא דִּנְעַץ סַיְפָא בֵּין מֵימְרֵיהּ וּבֵין מִיכַל בַּת שָׁאוּל אִתַּת דָּוִד דְּסָרֵיב לְמִקְרַב לְוָתַהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass at midnight, that the man was startled, and turned himself; and, behold, a woman lay at his feet.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:RUT:52.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.3.8/