Song of Songs 2:11 שִׁיר הַשִּׁירִים

Who acts: winter, rain · What happens: be

This is Song of Songs 2:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — winter, rain — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 8 chapters of Song of Songs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּֽי־הִנֵּ֥ה הַסְּתָ֖יו עָבָ֑ר הַגֶּ֕שֶׁם חָלַ֖ף הָלַ֥ךְ לֽוֹ׃

For, lo, the winter is past, the rain is over and gone;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	9 הָלַ֥ךְ	mark	(dm)
2	הִנֵּ֥ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	9 הָלַ֥ךְ	discourse	there!
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 סְּתָ֖יו	det	the
4	סְּתָ֖יו	סְתָו	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 עָבָ֑ר	nsubj	winter
5	עָבָ֑ר	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	9 הָלַ֥ךְ	parataxis	it has passed
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 גֶּ֕שֶׁם	det	the
7	גֶּ֕שֶׁם	גֶּשֶׁם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 חָלַ֖ף	nsubj	rain
8	חָלַ֖ף	חָלַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	9 הָלַ֥ךְ	parataxis	it has passed away
9	הָלַ֥ךְ	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it has gone
10	ל	לְ	ADP	_	11 ֽוֹ	case	(for
11	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 הָלַ֥ךְ	obl	itself
12	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	11 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
עָבָר it has passed	qatal · qal	סְּתָיו winter
חָלַף it has passed away	qatal · qal	גֶּשֶׁם rain
הָלַךְ it has gone	qatal · qal	גֶּשֶׁם rain

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

אֲרוּם הָא זְמָן שִׁעְבּוּדָא דְּדָמֵי לְסִתְוָא פְּסַק וּשְׁנַיָּא דַּאֲמַרִית לְאַבְרָהָם בֵּינֵי פַלְגַיָּא אִתְקְטַעוּ וּמַרְוַת מִצְרָאֵי דִּמְתִיל לְמִטְרָא טְרִידָא חֲלַף וַאֲזַל וְלָא תֵיסְפוּן לְמִחְזֵיהוֹן עוֹד עַד עָלְמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For, lo, the winter is past, the rain is over and gone;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:SNG:27.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.2.11/