Song of Songs 2:12 שִׁיר הַשִּׁירִים

Who acts: flowers · What happens: appear, come, hear · To what, where: earth, time, voice, land

This is Song of Songs 2:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — flowers — and what happens in the verse to earth, time, voice, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 8 chapters of Song of Songs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הַנִּצָּנִים֙ נִרְא֣וּ בָאָ֔רֶץ עֵ֥ת הַזָּמִ֖יר הִגִּ֑יעַ וְק֥וֹל הַתּ֖וֹר נִשְׁמַ֥ע בְּאַרְצֵֽנוּ׃

The flowers appear on the earth; the time of singing is come, and the voice of the turtle is heard in our land;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	2 נִּצָּנִים֙	det	the
2	נִּצָּנִים֙	נִצָּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 נִרְא֣וּ	nsubj	blossoms
3	נִרְא֣וּ	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they have appeared
4	בָ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 אָ֔רֶץ	case	in
5	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 אָ֔רֶץ	det	the
6	אָ֔רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 נִרְא֣וּ	obl	land
7	עֵ֥ת	עֵת	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 הִגִּ֑יעַ	nsubj	the time
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 זָּמִ֖יר	det	of (the)
9	זָּמִ֖יר	זָמִיר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 עֵ֥ת	compound:smixut	pruning
10	הִגִּ֑יעַ	נָגַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נִרְא֣וּ	parataxis	it has arrived
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 נִשְׁמַ֥ע	cc	and
12	ק֥וֹל	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 נִשְׁמַ֥ע	nsubj	the sound
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 תּ֖וֹר	det	of
14	תּ֖וֹר	תֹּור	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 ק֥וֹל	compound:smixut	the turtle-dove
15	נִשְׁמַ֥ע	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נִרְא֣וּ	conj	it has been heard
16	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 אַרְצ	case	in
17	אַרְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 נִשְׁמַ֥ע	obl	land
18	ֵֽנוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	17 אַרְצ	nmod:poss	our
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 ֵֽנוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
נִרְאוּ they have appeared	qatal · niphal		נִּצָּנִים blossoms
הִגִּיעַ it has arrived	qatal · hiphil	עֵת the time
נִשְׁמַע it has been heard	qatal · niphal		קוֹל the sound

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וּמֹשֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן דִּמְתִילִין לְלוּלָבֵי דְּתָמָר אִתַּחְזוּ לְמֶעֱבַד נִסִּין בְּאַרְעָא דְּמִצְרַיִם וְעִדָּן קְטוֹף בּוּכְרַיָּא מְטָא וְקָל רוּחָא דְּקוּדְשָׁא דְּפוּרְקָנָא דַּאֲמַרִית לְאַבְרָהָם אֲבוּכוֹן כְּבָר שְׁמַעְתּוּן מָה דַּאֲמַרִית לֵיהּ וְאַף יָת עַמָּא דִי יִשְׁתַּעְבְּדוּן בְּהוֹן דָּאֵין אֲנָא וּבָתַר כֵּן יִפְּקוּן בְּקִנְיָנָא סַגִּי וּכְעַן צְבֵיתִי לְמֶעֱבַד מָא דְּקַיֵּמִית לֵיהּ בְּמֵימְרִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

The flowers appear on the earth; the time of singing is come, and the voice of the turtle is heard in our land;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:SNG:28.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.2.12/