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home / corpora / Tanakh / Ketuvim / Song of Songs / chapter 4 / 4:1

Song of Songs 4:1 שִׁיר הַשִּׁירִים

Who acts: thou, eyes, hair, flock, my · What happens: be, trail down, love · To what, where: veil, mount Gilead

This is Song of Songs 4:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, eyes, hair, flock, my — and what happens in the verse to veil, mount Gilead, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 8 chapters of Song of Songs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הִנָּ֨ךְ יָפָ֤ה רַעְיָתִי֙ הִנָּ֣ךְ יָפָ֔ה עֵינַ֣יִךְ יוֹנִ֔ים מִבַּ֖עַד לְצַמָּתֵ֑ךְ שַׂעְרֵךְ֙ כְּעֵ֣דֶר הָֽעִזִּ֔ים שֶׁגָּלְשׁ֖וּ מֵהַ֥ר גִּלְעָֽד׃

Behold, thou art fair, my love; behold, thou art fair; thine eyes are as doves behind thy veil; thy hair is as a flock of goats, that trail down from mount Gilead.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

nsubjnsubjparataxisnmod:possnsubjnsubjparataxisnsubjnmod:possparataxiscasecasecaseoblnmod:possnsubjnmod:posscaseparataxisdetcompound:smixutmarkacl:relclcaseoblcompound:smixutpunctrootהִנּINTJhereָךְPRONyouיָפָהADJ[are] beautifulרַעְיָתNOUNmy friendִיPRONmyהִנּINTJhereָךְPRONyouיָפָהADJ[are] beautifulעֵינַיNOUNeyesִךְPRONyourיוֹנִיםNOUN[are] dovesמִADPfromבַּעַדADPbehindלְADPtoצַמָּתNOUNveilֵךְPRONyourשַׂעְרNOUNhairֵךְPRONyourכְּADP[is] like (the)עֵדֶרNOUNflockהָֽDETof (the)עִזִּיםNOUNshe-goatsשֶׁSCONJwhichגָּלְשׁוּVERBthey have descendedמֵADPfromהַרNOUNthe mountainגִּלְעָֽדPROPNof Gilead׃PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelationgloss
1הִנּהִנֵּהINTJ_3 יָפָ֤הnsubjhere
2ָ֨ךְהוּאPRONGender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs1 הִנּnsubjyou
3יָפָ֤היָפֶהADJGender=Fem Number=Singrootroot[are] beautiful
4רַעְיָתרַעְיָהNOUNGender=Fem Number=Sing3 יָפָ֤הparataxismy friend
5ִי֙הוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs4 רַעְיָתnmod:possmy
6הִנּהִנֵּהINTJ_8 יָפָ֔הnsubjhere
7ָ֣ךְהוּאPRONGender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs6 הִנּnsubjyou
8יָפָ֔היָפֶהADJGender=Fem Number=Sing3 יָפָ֤הparataxis[are] beautiful
9עֵינַ֣יעַיִןNOUNNumber=Dual11 יוֹנִ֔יםnsubjeyes
10ִךְהוּאPRONGender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs9 עֵינַ֣יnmod:possyour
11יוֹנִ֔יםיוֹנָהNOUNGender=Fem Number=Plur3 יָפָ֤הparataxis[are] doves
12מִמִןADP_15 צַמָּתcasefrom
13בַּ֖עַדבַּעַדADP_15 צַמָּתcasebehind
14לְלְADP_15 צַמָּתcaseto
15צַמָּתצַמָּהNOUNGender=Fem Number=Sing11 יוֹנִ֔יםoblveil
16ֵ֑ךְהוּאPRONGender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs15 צַמָּתnmod:possyour
17שַׂעְרשֵׂעָרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing20 עֵ֣דֶרnsubjhair
18ֵךְ֙הוּאPRONGender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs17 שַׂעְרnmod:possyour
19כְּכְּADP_20 עֵ֣דֶרcase[is] like (the)
20עֵ֣דֶרעֵדֶרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing3 יָפָ֤הparataxisflock
21הָֽהַDETPronType=Art22 עִזִּ֔יםdetof (the)
22עִזִּ֔יםעֵזNOUNGender=Fem Number=Plur20 עֵ֣דֶרcompound:smixutshe-goats
23שֶׁשֶׁSCONJ_24 גָּלְשׁ֖וּmarkwhich
24גָּלְשׁ֖וּגָּלַשׁVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=322 עִזִּ֔יםacl:relclthey have descended
25מֵמִןADP_26 הַ֥רcasefrom
26הַ֥רהַרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing24 גָּלְשׁ֖וּoblthe mountain
27גִּלְעָֽדגִּלְעָדPROPN_26 הַ֥רcompound:smixutof Gilead
28׃׃PUNCT_27 גִּלְעָֽדpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
character
speech
inside a quote begun earlier
negation
no
verbform · stemwho (A0)what, whom (A1)to whom, further (A2)who makes it happen (AA)
גָּלְשׁוּ they have descendedqatal · qalעִזִּים she-goats

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וּבְהַהוּא יוֹמָא קָרֵיב מַלְכָּא שְׁלֹמֹה אֶלֶף עֲלָוָן עַל מַדְבְּחָא וְאִתְקַבַּל בְּרַעֲוָא קוּרְבָּנֵיהּ קֳדָם יְיָ נְפַקַת בְּרָת קָלָא מִן שְׁמַיָּא וְכֵן אֲמַרַת כַּמָּה יָאֲיָא אַנְתְּ כְּנִשְׁתָּא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וְכַמָּה יָאֲיָן אִנּוּן רַבְרְבֵי כְּנִשְׁתָּא וְחַכִּימַיָּא יָתְבֵי סַנְהֶדְּרִין דְּאִנּוּן מְנָהֲרִין לְעָלְמָא לְעַמָּא בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל וְדָמְיָן לְגוֹזָלִין בְּנֵי יוֹנָתָא וַאֲפִילוּ שְׁאָר בְּנֵי כְּנִשְׁתָּךְ וְעַמָּא דְּאַרְעָא אִנּוּן צַדִּיקִין כִּבְנוֹי דְּיַעֲקֹב דִּלְקַטוּ אַבְנִין וַעֲבַדוּ גַּלְשׁוֹשִׁיתָא בְּטוּרָא דְּגִלְעָד:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

  1. Behold, thou art fair, my love; behold, thou art fair; thine eyes are as doves behind thy veil; thy hair is as a flock of goats, that trail down from mount Gilead.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:SNG:45.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.4.1/