1 Chronicles 19:16 · JPS 1917
And when the Arameans saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they sent messengers, and brought out the Arameans that were beyond the River, with Shophach the captain of the host of Hadarezer at their head.
Who acts: Arameans · What happens: see, put, send, bring out, be · To what, where: Arameans, messengers · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 1 Chronicles 19:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arameans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 sent | cc |
| 2 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 5 saw | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Arameans | det |
| 4 | Arameans | aramean | PROPN | Number=Plur | 5 saw | nsubj |
| 5 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 sent | advcl |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 put | mark |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 put | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 put | aux:pass |
| 9 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 saw | ccomp |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 worse | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 worse | det |
| 12 | worse | worse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 put | obl |
| 13 | before | before | ADP | _ | 14 Israel | case |
| 14 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 put | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 sent | punct |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 sent | nsubj |
| 17 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 18 | messengers | messenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 sent | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 brought | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 brought | cc |
| 21 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 sent | conj |
| 22 | out | out | ADP | _ | 21 brought | compound:prt |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Arameans | det |
| 24 | Arameans | aramean | PROPN | Number=Plur | 21 brought | obj |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 River | nsubj |
| 26 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 River | cop |
| 27 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 29 River | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 River | det |
| 29 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Arameans | acl:relcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 Shophach | punct |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 Shophach | case |
| 32 | Shophach | Shophach | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 brought | obl |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 captain | det |
| 34 | captain | captain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 Shophach | appos |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 host | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 host | det |
| 37 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 captain | nmod |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 Hadarezer | case |
| 39 | Hadarezer | Hadarezer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 host | nmod |
| 40 | at | at | ADP | _ | 42 head | case |
| 41 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 head | nmod:poss |
| 42 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 host | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | the Arameans | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | put | past · passive | Arameans = aramean | before Israel | to the worse | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme before israel=Destination | |||
| 3 | send | past | Arameans = aramean | messengers | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme | ||||
| 4 | bring out | past | Arameans = aramean not said here | the Arameans | with Shophach | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent aramean=Patient with shophach=Instrument | |||
| 5 | is | past | the Arameans | beyond the River | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיַּ֣רְא אֲרָ֗ם כִּ֣י נִגְּפוּ֮ לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וַֽיִּשְׁלְחוּ֙ מַלְאָכִ֔ים וַיּוֹצִ֣יאוּ אֶת־אֲרָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר מֵעֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֑ר וְשׁוֹפַ֛ךְ שַׂר־צְבָ֥א הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃
1 Chronicles 19:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1CH:733 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.733/