2 Chronicles 35:25 · JPS 1917
And Jeremiah lamented for Josiah; and all the singing men and singing women spoke of Josiah in their lamentations, unto this day; and they made them an ordinance in Israel; and, behold, they are written in the lamentations.
Who acts: Jeremiah, singing men, men · What happens: lament, speak, make, write · To what, where: lamentations, ordinance, Israel, men · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Chronicles 35:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jeremiah, singing men, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 lamented | cc |
| 2 | Jeremiah | Jeremiah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 lamented | nsubj |
| 3 | lamented | lament | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 Josiah | case |
| 5 | Josiah | Josiah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 lamented | obl |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 spoke | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 spoke | cc |
| 8 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 men | det:predet |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 men | det |
| 10 | singing | sing | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 men | amod |
| 11 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 spoke | nsubj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 women | cc |
| 13 | singing | sing | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 women | amod |
| 14 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 men | conj |
| 15 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 lamented | conj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Josiah | case |
| 17 | Josiah | Josiah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 spoke | obl |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 lamentations | case |
| 19 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 lamentations | nmod:poss |
| 20 | lamentations | lamentation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 spoke | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 day | punct |
| 22 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 24 day | case |
| 23 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 24 day | det |
| 24 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 spoke | obl:unmarked |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 made | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 made | cc |
| 27 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 made | nsubj |
| 28 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 lamented | conj |
| 29 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 made | iobj |
| 30 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 ordinance | det |
| 31 | ordinance | ordinance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 made | obj |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 Israel | case |
| 33 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 ordinance | nmod |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 41 written | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 written | cc |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 behold | punct |
| 37 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 41 written | discourse |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 behold | punct |
| 39 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 written | nsubj:pass |
| 40 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 written | aux:pass |
| 41 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 lamented | conj |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 44 lamentations | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 lamentations | det |
| 44 | lamentations | lamentation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 written | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lamented | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lament | past | Jeremiah | for Josiah | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for josiah=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | past | all singing men and singing women | men's lamentations | day | of Josiah | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||
| 3 | make | past | men = man | a ordinance | lamentations = lamentation | Israel | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset they=Beneficiary ordinance=Product | ||
| 4 | write | present · passive | men = man | the lamentations | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in lamentation=Destination | ||||
| 5 | lament | men = man | nom lamentation «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְקוֹנֵ֣ן יִרְמְיָהוּ֮ עַל־יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ֒ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ כָֽל־הַשָּׁרִ֣ים ׀ וְ֠הַשָּׁרוֹת בְּקִינ֨וֹתֵיהֶ֤ם עַל־יֹאשִׁיָּ֙הוּ֙ עַד־הַיּ֔וֹם וַיִּתְּנ֥וּם לְחֹ֖ק עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְהִנָּ֥ם כְּתוּבִ֖ים עַל־הַקִּינֽוֹת׃
2 Chronicles 35:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2CH:859 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.859/