Daniel 3:31 · JPS 1917
'Nebuchadnezzar the king, unto all peoples, nations, and languages, that dwell in all the earth; peace be multiplied unto you.
Who acts: peoples · What happens: dwell, multiply · To what, where: earth, peace
This is Daniel 3:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (peoples), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 2 Nebuchadnezzar | punct |
| 2 | Nebuchadnezzar | Nebuchadnezzar | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 king | det |
| 4 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Nebuchadnezzar | appos |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 peoples | punct |
| 6 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 8 peoples | case |
| 7 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 peoples | det |
| 8 | peoples | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 Nebuchadnezzar | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 nations | punct |
| 10 | nations | nation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 peoples | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 languages | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 languages | cc |
| 13 | languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 peoples | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 dwell | punct |
| 15 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 dwell | nsubj |
| 16 | dwell | dwell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 peoples | acl:relcl |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 earth | case |
| 18 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 20 earth | det:predet |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 earth | det |
| 20 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 dwell | obl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 2 Nebuchadnezzar | punct |
| 22 | peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 multiplied | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 24 multiplied | aux:pass |
| 24 | multiplied | multiply | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 Nebuchadnezzar | parataxis |
| 25 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 26 you | case |
| 26 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 24 multiplied | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 Nebuchadnezzar | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- greet
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=greet
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dwell | present | all peoples and nations and languages | all earth | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in earth=Location | ||||
| 2 | multiply | infinitive · passive | peace | unto you | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Aramaic of this verse
נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֣ר מַלְכָּ֗א לְֽכָל־עַֽמְמַיָּ֞א אֻמַיָּ֧א וְלִשָּׁנַיָּ֛א דִּֽי־דָיְרִ֥ין בְּכָל־אַרְעָ֖א שְׁלָמְכ֥וֹן יִשְׂגֵּֽא׃
Daniel 3:31: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:105 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.105/