Daniel 4:2 · JPS 1917
I saw a dream which made me afraid; and imaginings upon my bed and the visions of my head affrighted me.
Who acts: I, dream, imaginings · What happens: see, make, affright · To what, where: dream, me
This is Daniel 4:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, dream, imaginings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 saw | nsubj |
| 2 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 dream | det |
| 4 | dream | dream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 saw | obj |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 made | nsubj |
| 6 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 dream | acl:relcl |
| 7 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 made | obj |
| 8 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 made | xcomp |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 affrighted | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 affrighted | cc |
| 11 | imaginings | imagining | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 affrighted | nsubj |
| 12 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 14 bed | case |
| 13 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 bed | nmod:poss |
| 14 | bed | bed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 imaginings | nmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 visions | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 visions | det |
| 17 | visions | vision | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 imaginings | conj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 head | case |
| 19 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 head | nmod:poss |
| 20 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 visions | nmod |
| 21 | affrighted | affright | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 saw | conj |
| 22 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 affrighted | obj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | I | a dream | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dream=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | make | past | a dream | me | afraid property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset i=Product | |||
| 3 | affright | past | imaginings upon my bed and the visions of my head | me | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Aramaic of this verse
חֵ֥לֶם חֲזֵ֖ית וִֽידַחֲלִנַּ֑נִי וְהַרְהֹרִין֙ עַֽל־מִשְׁכְּבִ֔י וְחֶזְוֵ֥י רֵאשִׁ֖י יְבַהֲלֻנַּֽנִי׃
Daniel 4:2: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:110 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.110/