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home / corpora / Tanakh / Ketuvim / Daniel / chapter 6 / 6:16 / JPS 1

Daniel 6:16 · JPS 1917

Then these men came tumultuously unto the king, and said unto the king: 'Know, O king, that it is a law of the Medes and Persians, that no interdict nor statute which the king establisheth may be changed.'

Who acts: men, it, king · What happens: come, say, know, be, establish, change · To what, where: law, interdict · Speech: someone speaks here

This is Daniel 6:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, it, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

advmoddetnsubjadvmodcasedetoblpunctccconjcasedetoblpunctpunctccomppunctdiscoursevocativepunctmarknsubjcopdetccompcasedetnmodccconjpunctmarkdetnsubj:passccconjobjdetnsubjacl:relclauxaux:passccomppunctpunctrootThenADVtheseDETmenNOUNcameVERBtumultuouslyADVuntoADPtheDETkingNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJsaidVERBuntoADPtheDETkingNOUN:PUNCT'PUNCTKnowVERB,PUNCTOINTJkingNOUN,PUNCTthatSCONJitPRONisAUXaDETlawNOUNofADPtheDETMedesPROPNandCCONJPersiansPROPN,PUNCTthatSCONJnoDETinterdictNOUNnorCCONJstatuteNOUNwhichPRONtheDETkingNOUNestablishethVERBmayAUXbeAUXchangedVERB.PUNCT'PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThenthenADVPronType=Dem4 cameadvmod
2thesethisDETNumber=Plur PronType=Dem3 mendet
3menmanNOUNNumber=Plur4 camensubj
4camecomeVERBMood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
5tumultuouslytumultuouslyADV_4 cameadvmod
6untountoADP_8 kingcase
7thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art8 kingdet
8kingkingNOUNNumber=Sing4 cameobl
9,,PUNCT_11 saidpunct
10andandCCONJ_11 saidcc
11saidsayVERBMood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin4 cameconj
12untountoADP_14 kingcase
13thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art14 kingdet
14kingkingNOUNNumber=Sing11 saidobl
15::PUNCT_17 Knowpunct
16''PUNCT_17 Knowpunct
17KnowknowVERBVerbForm=Inf11 saidccomp
18,,PUNCT_20 kingpunct
19OoINTJ_20 kingdiscourse
20kingkingNOUNNumber=Sing17 Knowvocative
21,,PUNCT_26 lawpunct
22thatthatSCONJ_26 lawmark
23ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs26 lawnsubj
24isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin26 lawcop
25aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art26 lawdet
26lawlawNOUNNumber=Sing17 Knowccomp
27ofofADP_29 Medescase
28thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art29 Medesdet
29MedesMedePROPNNumber=Plur26 lawnmod
30andandCCONJ_31 Persianscc
31PersiansPersianPROPNNumber=Plur29 Medesconj
32,,PUNCT_44 changedpunct
33thatthatSCONJ_44 changedmark
34nonoDETPronType=Neg35 interdictdet
35interdictinterdictNOUNNumber=Sing44 changednsubj:pass
36nornorCCONJPolarity=Neg37 statutecc
37statutestatuteNOUNNumber=Sing35 interdictconj
38whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel41 establishethobj
39thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art40 kingdet
40kingkingNOUNNumber=Sing41 establishethnsubj
41establishethestablishVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin35 interdictacl:relcl
42maymayAUXVerbForm=Fin44 changedaux
43bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf44 changedaux:pass
44changedchangeVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass26 lawccomp
45..PUNCT_4 camepunct
46''PUNCT_4 camepunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
character
polarity
none
teacher
changed form=decl, act=assert, hedge=0, polarity=none
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1comepastthis menthenunto the king; tumultuously propertyvn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2say speech: assertpastthis men not said hereunto the kingvn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3knowinfinitiveking vocativevn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
4is apresentita lawof the Medes and Persianstree rules
5establishpresentthe kingno interdict nor statutevn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient
6changemay · passiveno interdict nor statutevn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Aramaic of this verse

בֵּאדַ֙יִן֙ גֻּבְרַיָּ֣א אִלֵּ֔ךְ הַרְגִּ֖שׁוּ עַל־מַלְכָּ֑א וְאָמְרִ֣ין לְמַלְכָּ֗א דַּ֤ע מַלְכָּא֙ דִּֽי־דָת֙ לְמָדַ֣י וּפָרַ֔ס דִּֽי־כָל־אֱסָ֥ר וּקְיָ֛ם דִּֽי־מַלְכָּ֥א יְהָקֵ֖ים לָ֥א לְהַשְׁנָיָֽה׃

Daniel 6:16: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:192 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.192/