Daniel 6:16 דָּנִיֵּאל

Who acts: men, it, king · What happens: come, say, know, be, establish, change · To what, where: law, interdict · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Daniel 6:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, it, king — and what happens in the verse to law, interdict, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

בֵּאדַ֙יִן֙ גֻּבְרַיָּ֣א אִלֵּ֔ךְ הַרְגִּ֖שׁוּ עַל־מַלְכָּ֑א וְאָמְרִ֣ין לְמַלְכָּ֗א דַּ֤ע מַלְכָּא֙ דִּֽי־דָת֙ לְמָדַ֣י וּפָרַ֔ס דִּֽי־כָל־אֱסָ֥ר וּקְיָ֛ם דִּֽי־מַלְכָּ֥א יְהָקֵ֖ים לָ֥א לְהַשְׁנָיָֽה׃

Then these men came tumultuously unto the king, and said unto the king: 'Know, O king, that it is a law of the Medes and Persians, that no interdict nor statute which the king establisheth may be changed.'

The tree

This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	בֵּ	בְּ	ADP	_	2 אדַ֙יִן֙	case
2	אדַ֙יִן֙	אֱדַיִן	ADV	_	root	root	then
3	גֻּבְרַיּ	גְּבַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 הַרְגִּ֖שׁוּ	nsubj	the
4	ָ֣א	א	DET	PronType=Art	3 גֻּבְרַיּ	det	men
5	אִלֵּ֔ךְ	אִלֵּךְ	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Plur PronType=Dem	3 גֻּבְרַיּ	det	these
6	הַרְגִּ֖שׁוּ	רְגַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HAPHEL Number=Plur Person=3	2 אדַ֙יִן֙	parataxis	they came as a crowd
7	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	8 מַלְכּ	case	to
8	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 הַרְגִּ֖שׁוּ	obl	the
9	ָ֑א	א	DET	PronType=Art	8 מַלְכּ	det	king
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 אָמְרִ֣ין	cc	and [were]
11	אָמְרִ֣ין	אֲמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur	2 אדַ֙יִן֙	conj	saying
12	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	13 מַלְכּ	case	to
13	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 אָמְרִ֣ין	obl	the
14	ָ֗א	א	DET	PronType=Art	13 מַלְכּ	det	king
15	דַּ֤ע	יְדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing Person=2	11 אָמְרִ֣ין	ccomp	know
16	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 דַּ֤ע	dislocated	O
17	ָא֙	א	DET	PronType=Art	16 מַלְכּ	det	king
18	דִּֽי־	דִּי	SCONJ	_	25 כָל־	mark	(diy) that
19	דָת֙	דָּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	25 כָל־	nsubj	the law
20	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	21 מָדַ֣י	case	of [the]
21	מָדַ֣י	מָדַי	PROPN	_	19 דָת֙	nmod	Medes
22	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 פָרַ֔ס	cc	and [the]
23	פָרַ֔ס	פָּרַס	PROPN	_	21 מָדַ֣י	conj	Persians
24	דִּֽי־	דִּי	SCONJ	_	25 כָל־	mark	(diy) that
25	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 דַּ֤ע	acl:relcl	any
26	אֱסָ֥ר	אֱסָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 כָל־	compound:smixut	prohibition
27	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 קְיָ֛ם	cc	and
28	קְיָ֛ם	קְיָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 אֱסָ֥ר	conj	statute
29	דִּֽי־	דִּי	SCONJ	_	32 יְהָקֵ֖ים	mark	which
30	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 יְהָקֵ֖ים	nsubj	the
31	ָ֥א	א	DET	PronType=Art	30 מַלְכּ	det	king
32	יְהָקֵ֖ים	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HAPHEL Number=Sing Person=3	25 כָל־	acl:relcl	he will establish
33	לָ֥א	לָא	ADV	_	25 כָל־	parataxis	not
34	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	35 הַשְׁנָיָֽה	case	to
35	הַשְׁנָיָֽה	שׁנה	VERB	HebBinyan=HAPHEL	33 לָ֥א	advcl	change
36	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	35 הַשְׁנָיָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
הַרְגִּשׁוּ they came as a crowd	qatal · haphel	גֻּבְרַיּ the
אָמְרִין saying	participle active · peal	גֻּבְרַיּ the
דַּע know	imperative · peal	מַלְכּ O	לָא not
יְהָקֵים he will establish	yiqtol · haphel	מַלְכּ the	אֱסָר prohibition + קְיָם statute
הַשְׁנָיָֽה change	infinitive construct · haphel		אֱסָר prohibition + קְיָם statute

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then these men came tumultuously unto the king, and said unto the king: 'Know, O king, that it is a law of the Medes and Persians, that no interdict nor statute which the king establisheth may be changed.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc-arc:DAN:158.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.16/