Daniel 7:4 · JPS 1917
The first was like a lion, and had eagle's wings; I beheld till the wings thereof were plucked off, and it was lifted up from the earth, and made stand upon two feet as a man, and a man's heart was given to it.
Who acts: first, I · What happens: be, have, behold, pluck off, lift up, make · To what, where: wings, eagle, earth, two feet, heart
This is Daniel 7:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 first | det |
| 2 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 6 lion | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 lion | cop |
| 4 | like | like | ADP | _ | 6 lion | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 lion | det |
| 6 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 had | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 had | cc |
| 9 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 lion | conj |
| 10 | eagle | eagle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 wings | nmod:poss |
| 11 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 10 eagle | case |
| 12 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 had | obj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 beheld | punct |
| 14 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 beheld | nsubj |
| 15 | beheld | behold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 lion | parataxis |
| 16 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 21 plucked | mark |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 wings | det |
| 18 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 plucked | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 18 wings | advmod |
| 20 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 plucked | aux:pass |
| 21 | plucked | pluck | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 beheld | advcl |
| 22 | off | off | ADP | _ | 21 plucked | compound:prt |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 lifted | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 lifted | cc |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 lifted | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 lifted | aux:pass |
| 27 | lifted | lift | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 beheld | conj |
| 28 | up | up | ADP | _ | 27 lifted | compound:prt |
| 29 | from | from | ADP | _ | 31 earth | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 earth | det |
| 31 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 lifted | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 made | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 made | cc |
| 34 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 lifted | conj |
| 35 | stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 made | xcomp |
| 36 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 38 feet | case |
| 37 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 38 feet | nummod |
| 38 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 stand | obl |
| 39 | as | as | ADP | _ | 41 man | case |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 man | det |
| 41 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 stand | obl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 given | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 given | cc |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 man | det |
| 45 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 heart | nmod:poss |
| 46 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 45 man | case |
| 47 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 given | nsubj:pass |
| 48 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 49 given | aux:pass |
| 49 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 beheld | conj |
| 50 | to | to | ADP | _ | 51 it | case |
| 51 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 given | obl |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 lion | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- character
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the first | like a lion | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | have | past | the first not said here | eagle's wings | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wing=Patient | ||||
| 3 | behold | past | I | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | pluck off | past · passive | the wings | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 5 | lift up | past · passive | eagle | the earth | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme from earth=Destination | ||||
| 6 | make | past | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | stand | infinitive | two feet | as a man | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon foot=Location | ||||
| 8 | give | past · passive | a man's heart | eagle | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to it=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Aramaic of this verse
קַדְמָיְתָ֣א כְאַרְיֵ֔ה וְגַפִּ֥ין דִּֽי־נְשַׁ֖ר לַ֑הּ חָזֵ֣ה הֲוֵ֡ית עַד֩ דִּי־מְּרִ֨יטוּ גַפַּ֜יהּ וּנְטִ֣ילַת מִן־אַרְעָ֗א וְעַל־רַגְלַ֙יִן֙ כֶּאֱנָ֣שׁ הֳקִימַ֔ת וּלְבַ֥ב אֱנָ֖שׁ יְהִ֥יב לַֽהּ׃
Daniel 7:4: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:211 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.211/