Daniel 2:10 · JPS 1917
The Chaldeans answered before the king, and said: 'There is not a man upon the earth that can declare the king's matter; forasmuch as no great and powerful king hath asked such a thing of any magician, or enchanter, or Chaldean.
Who acts: Chaldeans, man, great king, king · What happens: answer, say, not be, declare, ask, matter · To what, where: matter, such thing · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Daniel 2:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chaldeans, man, great king, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Chaldeans | det |
| 2 | Chaldeans | Chaldean | PROPN | Number=Plur | 3 answered | nsubj |
| 3 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | before | before | ADP | _ | 6 king | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 king | det |
| 6 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 answered | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 said | cc |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 answered | conj |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 is | punct |
| 11 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 13 is | punct |
| 12 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 13 is | expl |
| 13 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 said | ccomp |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 is | advmod |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 man | det |
| 16 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 is | nsubj |
| 17 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 19 earth | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 earth | det |
| 19 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 man | nmod |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 declare | nsubj |
| 21 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 declare | aux |
| 22 | declare | declare | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 man | acl:relcl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 king | det |
| 24 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 matter | nmod:poss |
| 25 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 24 king | case |
| 26 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 declare | obj |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 asked | punct |
| 28 | forasmuch | forasmuch | ADV | _ | 36 asked | mark |
| 29 | as | as | ADP | _ | 28 forasmuch | fixed |
| 30 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 34 king | det |
| 31 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 king | amod |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 powerful | cc |
| 33 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 great | conj |
| 34 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 asked | nsubj |
| 35 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 asked | aux |
| 36 | asked | ask | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 is | advcl |
| 37 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 thing | amod |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 thing | det |
| 39 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 asked | obj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 magician | case |
| 41 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 42 magician | det |
| 42 | magician | magician | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 asked | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 enchanter | punct |
| 44 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 45 enchanter | cc |
| 45 | enchanter | enchanter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 magician | conj |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 Chaldean | punct |
| 47 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 48 Chaldean | cc |
| 48 | Chaldean | Chaldean | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 magician | conj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | the Chaldeans | before the king | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the Chaldeans not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | not be | present | a man upon the earth | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | declare speech: other | can | a man upon the earth | the king's matter | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent matter=Attribute | ||||
| 5 | ask speech: ask | present · perfect | no great king | a such thing | of any magician or enchanter or Chaldean | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent thing=Recipient | |||
| 6 | matter | the king | nom matter «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Aramaic of this verse
עֲנ֨וֹ כַשְׂדָּאֵ֤י קֳדָם־מַלְכָּא֙ וְאָ֣מְרִ֔ין לָֽא־אִיתַ֤י אֲנָשׁ֙ עַל־יַבֶּשְׁתָּ֔א דִּ֚י מִלַּ֣ת מַלְכָּ֔א יוּכַ֖ל לְהַחֲוָיָ֑ה כָּל־קֳבֵ֗ל דִּ֚י כָּל־מֶ֙לֶךְ֙ רַ֣ב וְשַׁלִּ֔יט מִלָּ֤ה כִדְנָה֙ לָ֣א שְׁאֵ֔ל לְכָל־חַרְטֹּ֖ם וְאָשַׁ֥ף וְכַשְׂדָּֽי׃
Daniel 2:10: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:31 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.31/