Ecclesiastes 9:14 · JPS 1917

there was a little city, and few men within it; and there came a great king against it, and besieged it, and built great bulwarks against it;

Who acts: great king · What happens: come, besiege, build · To what, where: sun, great bulwarks

This is Ecclesiastes 9:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 was	expl
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 city	det
4	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 city	amod
5	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 was	nsubj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 men	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 men	cc
8	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 men	amod
9	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 city	conj
10	within	within	ADP	_	11 it	case
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 men	obl
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 came	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 came	cc
14	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	15 came	expl
15	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 was	conj
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 king	det
17	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 king	amod
18	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 came	nsubj
19	against	against	ADP	_	20 it	case
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 came	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 besieged	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 besieged	cc
23	besieged	besiege	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 came	conj
24	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 besieged	obj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 built	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 built	cc
27	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 came	conj
28	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 bulwarks	amod
29	bulwarks	bulwark	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 built	obj
30	against	against	ADP	_	31 it	case
31	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 built	obl
32	;	;	PUNCT	_	2 was	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: pos
teacher: changed act=narrate

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	come	past	a great king		sun; there		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against it=Location
2	besiege	past	a great king not said here	sun			tree rules
3	build	past	a great king not said here	great bulwarks		against sun	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bulwark=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

עִ֣יר קְטַנָּ֔ה וַאֲנָשִׁ֥ים בָּ֖הּ מְעָ֑ט וּבָֽא־אֵלֶ֜יהָ מֶ֤לֶךְ גָּדוֹל֙ וְסָבַ֣ב אֹתָ֔הּ וּבָנָ֥ה עָלֶ֖יהָ מְצוֹדִ֥ים גְּדֹלִֽים׃

Ecclesiastes 9:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ECC:183 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.183/