Ecclesiastes 4:10 · JPS 1917

For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow; but woe to him that is alone when he falleth, and hath not another to lift him up.

Who acts: vanity, one, woe, fool · What happens: fall, lift up, be · To what, where: fellow, fool

This is Ecclesiastes 4:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (vanity, one, woe, fool), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	For	for	CCONJ	_	9 lift	cc
2	if	if	SCONJ	_	4 fall	mark
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 fall	nsubj
4	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 lift	advcl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 fall	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 one	det
7	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	9 lift	nsubj
8	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 lift	aux
9	lift	lift	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
10	up	up	ADP	_	9 lift	compound:prt
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 fellow	nmod:poss
12	fellow	fellow	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lift	obj
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 woe	punct
14	but	but	CCONJ	_	15 woe	cc
15	woe	woe	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lift	conj
16	to	to	ADP	_	17 him	case
17	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 woe	nmod
18	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 alone	nsubj
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 alone	cop
20	alone	alone	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 woe	acl:relcl
21	when	when	SCONJ	_	23 falleth	mark
22	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 falleth	nsubj
23	falleth	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 alone	advcl
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 hath	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 hath	cc
26	hath	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 alone	conj
27	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	26 hath	advmod
28	another	another	PRON	PronType=Ind	26 hath	obj
29	to	to	PART	_	30 lift	mark
30	lift	lift	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	28 another	acl
31	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 lift	obj
32	up	up	ADP	_	30 lift	compound:prt
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 lift	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	fall a condition, not said to happen	present	vanity			vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	lift up	future	one	fool's fellow		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fellow=Theme
3	is	present	woe to fool		alone property	tree rules
4	fall	present	fool			vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	lift up	to-infinitive	woe to fool not said here	fool		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

כִּ֣י אִם־יִפֹּ֔לוּ הָאֶחָ֖ד יָקִ֣ים אֶת־חֲבֵר֑וֹ וְאִ֣יל֗וֹ הָֽאֶחָד֙ שֶׁיִּפּ֔וֹל וְאֵ֥ין שֵׁנִ֖י לַהֲקִימֽוֹ׃

Ecclesiastes 4:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ECC:83 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.83/