Ezra 4:23 · JPS 1917

Then when the copy of king Artaxerxes' letter was read before Rehum, and Shimshai the scribe, and their companions, they went in haste to Jerusalem unto the Jews, and made them to cease by force and power.

Who acts: companions, king Artaxerxes · What happens: read, go, make, cease, copy, letter · To what, where: copy, Jerusalem, haste, companions, letter

This is Ezra 4:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (companions, king Artaxerxes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	25 went	advmod
2	when	when	SCONJ	_	11 read	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 copy	det
4	copy	copy	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 read	nsubj:pass
5	of	of	ADP	_	9 letter	case
6	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 Artaxerxes	compound
7	Artaxerxes	Artaxerxes	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 letter	nmod:poss
8	'	's	PART	_	7 Artaxerxes	case
9	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 copy	nmod
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 read	aux:pass
11	read	read	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	25 went	advcl
12	before	before	ADP	_	13 Rehum	case
13	Rehum	Rehum	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 read	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 Shimshai	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 Shimshai	cc
16	Shimshai	Shimshai	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 Rehum	conj
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 scribe	det
18	scribe	scribe	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 Shimshai	appos
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 companions	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 companions	cc
21	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 companions	nmod:poss
22	companions	companion	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 Rehum	conj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 read	punct
24	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 went	nsubj
25	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
26	in	in	ADP	_	27 haste	case
27	haste	haste	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 went	obl
28	to	to	ADP	_	29 Jerusalem	case
29	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 went	obl
30	unto	unto	ADP	_	32 Jews	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 Jews	det
32	Jews	Jew	PROPN	Number=Plur	25 went	obl
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 made	punct
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 made	cc
35	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	25 went	conj
36	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 made	obj
37	to	to	PART	_	38 cease	mark
38	cease	cease	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	35 made	xcomp
39	by	by	ADP	_	40 force	case
40	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 cease	obl
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	42 power	cc
42	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 force	conj
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	25 went	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	read	past · passive		the copy of king Artaxerxes's letter			before Rehum and Shimshai and Rehum's companions		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
2	go	past	companions = companion		Jerusalem	haste	then	unto the Jews	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to jerusalem=Initial_Location
3	make	past	companions = companion not said here	companions = companion					tree rules
4	cease	to-infinitive	companions = companion not said here					by force and power	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
5	copy			king Artaxerxes's letter					nom copy «communication transitive»: of=patient
6	letter		king Artaxerxes						nom letter «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Aramaic of this verse

אֱדַ֗יִן מִן־דִּ֞י פַּרְשֶׁ֤גֶן נִשְׁתְּוָנָא֙ דִּ֚י אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֣שְׂתְּ מַלְכָּ֔א קֱרִ֧י קֳדָם־רְח֛וּם וְשִׁמְשַׁ֥י סָפְרָ֖א וּכְנָוָתְה֑וֹן אֲזַ֨לוּ בִבְהִיל֤וּ לִירֽוּשְׁלֶם֙ עַל־יְה֣וּדָיֵ֔א וּבַטִּ֥לוּ הִמּ֖וֹ בְּאֶדְרָ֥ע וְחָֽיִל׃ס

Ezra 4:23: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EZR:118 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.118/