Lamentations 1:20 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
Behold, O LORD, for I am in distress, mine inwards burn; my heart is turned within me, for I have grievously rebelled.
Who acts: I, inwards · What happens: be, burn, turn, rebel · To what, where: distress, heart
This is Lamentations 1:20 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, inwards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 14 burn | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Behold | punct |
| 3 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 4 LORD | discourse |
| 4 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 burn | vocative |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 distress | punct |
| 6 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 10 distress | mark |
| 7 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 distress | nsubj |
| 8 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 distress | cop |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 distress | case |
| 10 | distress | distress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 burn | advcl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 burn | punct |
| 12 | mine | mine | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 inwards | nmod:poss |
| 13 | inwards | inward | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 burn | nsubj |
| 14 | burn | burn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 turned | punct |
| 16 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 heart | nmod:poss |
| 17 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 turned | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 turned | aux:pass |
| 19 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 burn | parataxis |
| 20 | within | within | ADP | _ | 21 me | case |
| 21 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 turned | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 rebelled | punct |
| 23 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 27 rebelled | mark |
| 24 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 27 rebelled | nsubj |
| 25 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 rebelled | aux |
| 26 | grievously | grievously | ADV | _ | 27 rebelled | advmod |
| 27 | rebelled | rebel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 19 turned | advcl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 burn | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | I | distress | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | burn | present | mine inwards | LORD vocative | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | turn | present · passive | my heart | within me | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | rebel | present · perfect | I | grievously property | vn rebel-71.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
רְאֵ֨ה יְהוָ֤ה כִּֽי־צַר־לִי֙ מֵעַ֣י חֳמַרְמָ֔רוּ נֶהְפַּ֤ךְ לִבִּי֙ בְּקִרְבִּ֔י כִּ֥י מָר֖וֹ מָרִ֑יתִי מִח֥וּץ שִׁכְּלָה־חֶ֖רֶב בַּבַּ֥יִת כַּמָּֽוֶת׃ס
Lamentations 1:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- Behold, O LORD, for I am in distress, mine inwards burn; my heart is turned within me, for I have grievously rebelled.
- Abroad the sword bereaveth, at home there is the like of death.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LAM:22 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.22/