Lamentations 2:11 · JPS 1917
Mine eyes do fail with tears, mine inwards burn, my liver is poured upon the earth, for the breach of the daughter of my people; because the young children and the sucklings swoon in the broad places of the city.
Who acts: eyes, inwards, young children · What happens: fail, burn, pour, swoon, breach · To what, where: liver, broad places, daughter
This is Lamentations 2:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eyes, inwards, young children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mine | mine | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 2 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 fail | nsubj |
| 3 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 fail | aux |
| 4 | fail | fail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 tears | case |
| 6 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 fail | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 burn | punct |
| 8 | mine | mine | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 burn | nmod:poss |
| 9 | inwards | inward | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 burn | nsubj |
| 10 | burn | burn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 fail | parataxis |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 poured | punct |
| 12 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 liver | nmod:poss |
| 13 | liver | liver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 poured | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 poured | aux:pass |
| 15 | poured | pour | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 fail | parataxis |
| 16 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 18 earth | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 earth | det |
| 18 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 poured | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 breach | punct |
| 20 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 breach | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 breach | det |
| 22 | breach | breach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 poured | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 daughter | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 daughter | det |
| 25 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 breach | nmod |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 people | case |
| 27 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 people | nmod:poss |
| 28 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 daughter | nmod |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 swoon | punct |
| 30 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 37 swoon | mark |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 children | det |
| 32 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 children | amod |
| 33 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 swoon | nsubj |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 sucklings | cc |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 sucklings | det |
| 36 | sucklings | suckling | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 children | conj |
| 37 | swoon | swoon | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 fail | advcl |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 places | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 places | det |
| 40 | broad | broad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 places | amod |
| 41 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 swoon | obl |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 city | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 city | det |
| 44 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 places | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 fail | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fail | present · do-support | Mine eyes | with tears | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | burn | present | inwards | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | pour | present · passive | my liver | upon the earth; for the breach of the daughter of my people | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Patient for breach=Beneficiary | ||||
| 4 | swoon | present | the young children and the sucklings | the broad places of the city | vn change_bodily_state-40.8.4 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | breach | the daughter of my people | nom breach «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כָּל֨וּ בַדְּמָע֤וֹת עֵינַי֙ חֳמַרְמְר֣וּ מֵעַ֔י נִשְׁפַּ֤ךְ לָאָ֙רֶץ֙ כְּבֵדִ֔י עַל־שֶׁ֖בֶר בַּת־עַמִּ֑י בֵּֽעָטֵ֤ף עוֹלֵל֙ וְיוֹנֵ֔ק בִּרְחֹב֖וֹת קִרְיָֽה׃ס
Lamentations 2:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LAM:37 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.37/