Lamentations 2:13 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 4
What shall I take to witness for thee?
Who acts: I · What happens: take, witness
This is Lamentations 2:13 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 4 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 take | obj |
| 2 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 take | aux |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 take | nsubj |
| 4 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 witness | mark |
| 6 | witness | witness | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 take | advcl |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 thee | case |
| 8 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 take | obl |
| 9 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 take | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | shall | I | for thee | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent what=Theme for thou=Beneficiary | ||||
| 2 | witness | to-infinitive | I not said here | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
מָֽה־אֲעִידֵ֞ךְ מָ֣ה אֲדַמֶּה־לָּ֗ךְ הַבַּת֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם מָ֤ה אַשְׁוֶה־לָּךְ֙ וַאֲנַֽחֲמֵ֔ךְ בְּתוּלַ֖ת בַּת־צִיּ֑וֹן כִּֽי־גָד֥וֹל כַּיָּ֛ם שִׁבְרֵ֖ךְ מִ֥י יִרְפָּא־לָֽךְ׃ס
Lamentations 2:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- What shall I take to witness for thee?
- What shall I liken to thee, O daughter of Jerusalem?
- What shall I equal to thee, that I may comfort thee, O virgin daughter of Zion?
- For thy breach is great like the sea; who can heal thee?
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LAM:39 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.39/