Nehemiah 2:2 · JPS 1917
And the king said unto me: 'Why is thy countenance sad, seeing thou art not sick? this is nothing else but sorrow of heart.' Then I was very sore afraid.
Who acts: king, countenance, thou, I, heart · What happens: say, be, see, not be, sorrow · To what, where: nothing · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Nehemiah 2:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, countenance, thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 said | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 king | det |
| 3 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 nothing | parataxis |
| 5 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 6 me | case |
| 6 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 said | obl |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 sad | punct |
| 8 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 13 sad | punct |
| 9 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 13 sad | advmod |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 sad | cop |
| 11 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 12 countenance | nmod:poss |
| 12 | countenance | countenance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 sad | nsubj |
| 13 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 said | ccomp |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 seeing | punct |
| 15 | seeing | see | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 sad | advcl |
| 16 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 19 sick | nsubj |
| 17 | art | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 sick | cop |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 sick | advmod |
| 19 | sick | sick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 seeing | ccomp |
| 20 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 13 sad | punct |
| 21 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 sorrow | nsubj |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 nothing | cop |
| 23 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | root | root |
| 24 | else | else | ADV | _ | 23 nothing | advmod |
| 25 | but | but | ADP | _ | 26 sorrow | case |
| 26 | sorrow | sorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 nothing | nmod |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 heart | case |
| 28 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 sorrow | nmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 23 nothing | punct |
| 30 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
| 31 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 36 afraid | advmod |
| 32 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 afraid | nsubj |
| 33 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 afraid | cop |
| 34 | very | very | ADV | _ | 35 sore | advmod |
| 35 | sore | sore | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 afraid | advmod |
| 36 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 said | parataxis |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- changed form=wh, act=ask
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the king | unto me | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is | present | thy countenance | sad property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | see | gerund | thy countenance not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | not is | present | thou | sick property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is a | present | nothing | but sorrow of heart; else property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | is | past | I | then | afraid property | tree rules | |||
| 7 | sorrow | heart | nom sorrow «feeling intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּאמֶר֩ לִ֨י הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ מַדּ֣וּעַ ׀ פָּנֶ֣יךָ רָעִ֗ים וְאַתָּה֙ אֵֽינְךָ֣ חוֹלֶ֔ה אֵ֣ין זֶ֔ה כִּי־אִ֖ם רֹ֣עַֽ לֵ֑ב וָאִירָ֖א הַרְבֵּ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃
Nehemiah 2:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:NEH:14 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.14/