Nehemiah 2:3 · JPS 1917
And I said unto the king: 'Let the king live for ever: why should not my countenance be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers' sepulchres, lieth waste, and the gates thereof are consumed with fire?'
Who acts: I, king, countenance, city · What happens: say, let, live, not be, lie, consume · To what, where: king, waste, gates · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Nehemiah 2:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, king, countenance, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 6 king | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 king | det |
| 6 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 said | obl |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 Let | punct |
| 8 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 9 Let | punct |
| 9 | Let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | ccomp |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 king | det |
| 11 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Let | obj |
| 12 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 Let | xcomp |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 ever | case |
| 14 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 12 live | obl |
| 15 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 22 sad | punct |
| 16 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 sad | advmod |
| 17 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 sad | aux |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 sad | advmod |
| 19 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 countenance | nmod:poss |
| 20 | countenance | countenance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 sad | nsubj |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 22 sad | cop |
| 22 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 Let | parataxis |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 lieth | punct |
| 24 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 36 lieth | mark |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 city | det |
| 26 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 lieth | nsubj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 place | punct |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 place | det |
| 29 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 city | appos |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 sepulchres | case |
| 31 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 fathers | nmod:poss |
| 32 | fathers | father | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 sepulchres | nmod:poss |
| 33 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 32 fathers | case |
| 34 | sepulchres | sepulchre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 place | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 city | punct |
| 36 | lieth | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 sad | advcl |
| 37 | waste | waste | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 lieth | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 consumed | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 consumed | cc |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 gates | det |
| 41 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 consumed | nsubj:pass |
| 42 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 41 gates | advmod |
| 43 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 consumed | aux:pass |
| 44 | consumed | consume | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 lieth | conj |
| 45 | with | with | ADP | _ | 46 fire | case |
| 46 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 consumed | obl |
| 47 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 48 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- changed form=wh, act=ask, indirect=1, polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | I | unto the king | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | let | infinitive | the king | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | live | infinitive | the king not said here | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | not is | should | my countenance | sad property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | lie | present | the city | waste | vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location waste=Theme | ||||
| 6 | consume | present · passive | the gates | with fire | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וָאֹמַ֣ר לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ לְעוֹלָ֣ם יִחְיֶ֑ה מַדּ֜וּעַ לֹא־יֵרְע֣וּ פָנַ֗י אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָעִ֜יר בֵּית־קִבְר֤וֹת אֲבֹתַי֙ חֲרֵבָ֔ה וּשְׁעָרֶ֖יהָ אֻכְּל֥וּ בָאֵֽשׁ׃ס
Nehemiah 2:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:NEH:15 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.15/