Nehemiah 9:34 · JPS 1917
neither have our kings, our princes, our priests, nor our fathers, kept Thy law, nor hearkened unto Thy commandments and Thy testimonies, wherewith Thou didst testify against them.
Who acts: kings, Thou, Thy · What happens: keep, hearken, testify, command · To what, where: law · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Nehemiah 9:34 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kings, Thou, Thy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 16 kept | cc:preconj |
| 2 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 kept | aux |
| 3 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 kings | nmod:poss |
| 4 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 kept | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 princes | punct |
| 6 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 princes | nmod:poss |
| 7 | princes | prince | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 kings | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 priests | punct |
| 9 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 priests | nmod:poss |
| 10 | priests | priest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 kings | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 fathers | punct |
| 12 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 14 fathers | cc |
| 13 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 fathers | nmod:poss |
| 14 | fathers | father | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 kings | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 kept | punct |
| 16 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | Thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 18 law | nmod:poss |
| 18 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 kept | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 hearkened | punct |
| 20 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 21 hearkened | cc |
| 21 | hearkened | hearken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 kept | conj |
| 22 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 24 commandments | case |
| 23 | Thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 24 commandments | nmod:poss |
| 24 | commandments | commandment | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 hearkened | obl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 testimonies | cc |
| 26 | Thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 27 testimonies | nmod:poss |
| 27 | testimonies | testimony | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 commandments | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 testify | punct |
| 29 | wherewith | wherewith | ADV | PronType=Int | 32 testify | advmod |
| 30 | Thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 32 testify | nsubj |
| 31 | didst | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 testify | aux |
| 32 | testify | testify | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 commandments | acl:relcl |
| 33 | against | against | ADP | _ | 34 them | case |
| 34 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 testify | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 kept | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- evaluate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed act=evaluate, polarity=neg
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | present | our kings and our princes and our priests nor our fathers | Thy law | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hearken | past | our kings and our princes and our priests nor our fathers not said here | unto Thy commandments and Thy testimonies | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | testify speech: other | past · do-support | Thou | against commandments = commandment; wherewith property | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | command | Thy | nom commandment «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 5 | testify | Thy | nom testimony «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְאֶת־מְלָכֵ֤ינוּ שָׂרֵ֙ינוּ֙ כֹּהֲנֵ֣ינוּ וַאֲבֹתֵ֔ינוּ לֹ֥א עָשׂ֖וּ תּוֹרָתֶ֑ךָ וְלֹ֤א הִקְשִׁ֙יבוּ֙ אֶל־מִצְוֺתֶ֔יךָ וּלְעֵ֣דְוֺתֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הַעִידֹ֖תָ בָּהֶֽם׃
Nehemiah 9:34: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:NEH:275 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.275/