Nehemiah 10:32 · JPS 1917
and if the peoples of the land bring ware or any victuals on the sabbath day to sell, that we would not buy of them on the sabbath, or on a holy day; and that we would forego the seventh year, and the exaction of every debt.
Who acts: peoples, we · What happens: bring, sell, not buy, forego, exact · To what, where: ware, sabbath, debt
This is Nehemiah 10:32 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (peoples, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 buy | cc |
| 2 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 8 bring | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 peoples | det |
| 4 | peoples | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 bring | nsubj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 land | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 land | det |
| 7 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 peoples | nmod |
| 8 | bring | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 buy | advcl |
| 9 | ware | ware | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 bring | obj |
| 10 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 victuals | cc |
| 11 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 12 victuals | det |
| 12 | victuals | victual | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 ware | conj |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 day | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 day | det |
| 15 | sabbath | sabbath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 day | compound |
| 16 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 bring | obl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 sell | mark |
| 18 | sell | sell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 bring | advcl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 bring | punct |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 buy | mark |
| 21 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 buy | nsubj |
| 22 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 buy | aux |
| 23 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 buy | advmod |
| 24 | buy | buy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 them | case |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 buy | obl |
| 27 | on | on | ADP | _ | 29 sabbath | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 sabbath | det |
| 29 | sabbath | sabbath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 buy | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 day | punct |
| 31 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 35 day | cc |
| 32 | on | on | ADP | _ | 35 day | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 day | det |
| 34 | holy | holy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 day | amod |
| 35 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 sabbath | conj |
| 36 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 41 forego | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 forego | cc |
| 38 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 41 forego | mark |
| 39 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 41 forego | nsubj |
| 40 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 forego | aux |
| 41 | forego | forego | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 buy | conj |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 year | det |
| 43 | seventh | seventh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 year | amod |
| 44 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 forego | obj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 exaction | punct |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 exaction | cc |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 exaction | det |
| 48 | exaction | exaction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 year | conj |
| 49 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 debt | case |
| 50 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 51 debt | det |
| 51 | debt | debt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 exaction | nmod |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 buy | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- other
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=other
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring a condition, not said to happen | present | the peoples of the land | ware or any victuals | day | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent ware=Theme | |||
| 2 | sell | to-infinitive | the peoples of the land not said here | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | not buy | would | we | on the sabbath or a holy day | of people | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | forego | would | we | year | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | exact | every debt | nom exaction «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְעַמֵּ֣י הָאָ֡רֶץ הַֽמְבִיאִים֩ אֶת־הַמַּקָּח֨וֹת וְכָל־שֶׁ֜בֶר בְּי֤וֹם הַשַּׁבָּת֙ לִמְכּ֔וֹר לֹא־נִקַּ֥ח מֵהֶ֛ם בַּשַּׁבָּ֖ת וּבְי֣וֹם קֹ֑דֶשׁ וְנִטֹּ֛שׁ אֶת־הַשָּׁנָ֥ה הַשְּׁבִיעִ֖ית וּמַשָּׁ֥א כָל־יָֽד׃
Nehemiah 10:32: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:NEH:311 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.311/