Proverbs 26:28 · JPS 1917
A lying tongue hateth those that are crushed by it; and a flattering mouth worketh ruin.
Who acts: lying tongue, tongue, flattering mouth · What happens: hate, crush, work · To what, where: those, ruin
This is Proverbs 26:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lying tongue, tongue, flattering mouth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 tongue | det |
| 2 | lying | lying | ADJ | _ | 3 tongue | amod |
| 3 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hateth | nsubj |
| 4 | hateth | hate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 4 hateth | obj |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 crushed | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 crushed | aux:pass |
| 8 | crushed | crush | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 those | acl:relcl |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 it | case |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 crushed | obl:agent |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 worketh | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 worketh | cc |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 mouth | det |
| 14 | flattering | flattering | ADJ | _ | 15 mouth | amod |
| 15 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 worketh | nsubj |
| 16 | worketh | work | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 hateth | conj |
| 17 | ruin | ruin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 worketh | obj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 hateth | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hate | present | a lying tongue | those | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | crush | present · passive | tongue | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP.instrument V NP»: agent=Instrument subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | work | present | a flattering mouth | ruin | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent ruin=Material |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
לְֽשׁוֹן־שֶׁ֭קֶר יִשְׂנָ֣א דַכָּ֑יו וּפֶ֥ה חָ֝לָ֗ק יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה מִדְחֶֽה׃
Proverbs 26:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:PRO:777 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.777/